Culture Culture 4 min read

Did you know?

What does "R2-D2" mean? Surprising facts about movies we've all seen

Image: Samuel Regan-Asante

What did Martin Scorsese first think about Scarface ? What does R2-D2 mean, exactly? And what type of toy was Woody the Sheriff supposed to be, at first? The answers to these questions are some lesser-known stories behind some of Hollywood’s most memorable titles. Read on to learn a tale or two about movies we’ve all watched.

1
X-Men (2000)

Image: Alex Green

Remember the scene when Magneto and Professor X play a tense, symbolic game of chess? Well, the actors certainly do. Here’s why: Neither Patrick Stewart nor Ian McKellen knew how to play chess before filming.

So, director Bryan Singer brought in a Canadian chess Grandmaster to help design the game the two men would share by choreographing each piece's movement based on the high-strung dialogue they were having —Professor X needed to win.

2
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982)

Image: Sreevishnu Nair

Did you know that E.T., the beloved extraterrestrial who wanted to phone home, was intentionally designed to have no specified gender ?

Director Steven Spielberg expressed that his intention was to define E.T. as a "plant-like" creature, neither male nor female, and that this was explicitly explained in earlier versions of the script.

However, in the film, young Elliott insists that he knows the gender of his newfound friend: "He’s a boy," he explains to his sister when she asks. The audience went along with Elliott’s interpretation, and hence E.T. is considered to be male.

3
How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000)

Image: Alex Stone

Jim Carrey loathed the process of becoming The Grinch. Though the Dr. Seuss character was fun to play, sitting for hours and hours for makeup and costume until the green look was perfected, he said, was exhausting.

So, he was shocked one day when he arrived on set, only to find yet another Grinch ready there before him. It was none other than director Ron Howard, who had been up since 3:30 am, getting into full costume in solidarity with him.

4
The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)

Image: Elin Melaas

Watching Tim Burton’s The Nightmare Before Christmas, one might take for granted that the stop-motion marvel took years of painstaking effort. Around 227 puppets were built for the production because each character had multiple duplicates to allow shooting on many sets simultaneously.

The protagonist Jack Skellington alone needed nearly 400 different heads to capture enough facial expressions.

5
Toy Story (1995)

Image: Stone Hood

Even though we all recognize Woody the Cowboy, there was a time when the leading character of Toy Story was going to be… quite different.

Sheriff Woody was at first conceived as a ventriloquist dummy . But the Pixar creators thought that a softer cowboy toy would be a little bit friendlier. What do you think?

6
Star Wars: A New Hope (1977)

Image: Christian Maass

We all know the loyal little robot of the Star Wars world. But R2-D2’s name came about unintentionally. While filming a previous film, George Lucas had liked an abbreviation he heard his sound editor shout one day: "R2, D2".

It referred to "Reel 2, Dialogue Track 2" . But the expression sparked Lucas’s imagination.

7
Home Alone (1990)

Image: Liubomyr Vovchak

Yes, Kevin is nine years old in the movie. But most of his "dangerous" moments were handled by a 30-year-old stuntman in kid-sized clothes!

Still, some injuries were inevitable. And they didn’t come from hanging from a zipline or sliding downstairs: No, young Macauley Culkin got a scar from Joe Pesci accidentally biting his fingers too hard in one scene.

8
Interstellar (2014)

Image: SpaceX

Christopher Nolan’s Interstellar is well known for its ambitious science fiction vision. But Nolan went above and beyond with details. For example, the robot TARS wasn’t a CGI creation: it was physically built (a kind of "puppet-robot").

Plus, the space suits the actors wore were designed with functioning oxygen units and cooling tubes! Needless to say, though, all scenes were filmed on Earth.

9
The Matrix (1999)

Image: Markus Spiske

Did you know that Johnny Depp was the first choice to play Neo for The Matrix ? As an up-and-coming actor in the 90s, the writers had considered him perfect for the role. However, fate decided Keanu Reeves would take the part, and the rest was history.

Reeves didn’t have it easy, though: the Wachowskis had him read philosophical books like Simulacra and Simulation by Jean Baudrillard, Out of Control by Kevin Kelly, and Introducing Evolutionary Psychology by Dylan Evans.

10
Scarface (1983)

Image: Bryant's Juarez

After Martin Scorsese saw Brian De Palma’s Scarface, he reportedly told actor Steven Bauer: "It’s great… but they’re going to hate it ."

He wasn’t wrong. Critics did hate it, at first. They called it vulgar, excessive, hysterical, and violent. Scorsese himself had been criticized for the violence in his own work, so he recognized the pattern instantly. However, as we know, audiences eventually made it a cult classic.

Culture Culture 4 min read

How to blend in with the locals

12 regional slang words that you might want to learn

Image: DJ Johnson

English might be the official language of all Americans, but this doesn’t mean it’s spoken the same everywhere. Across the 50 states and the territories, slang is just another way to express the idiosyncrasies of each region and its unique realities. Check out these slang phrases; they might come in handy in the future.

1
Philadelphia: Jawn

Image: ActionVance

Meaning: used as a placeholder for a noun.

When in Rome, do as the Romans do. When in Philly, be aware that the word jawn can and will be used in every sentence, no matter if the jawn in question is a thing, person, event, or place. If it’s a noun, it can be jawn’ed.

2
New England: Grinder

Image: Yoad Shejtman

Meaning: a sub sandwich.

Subs must be one of the most widely known American sandwiches, and rightfully so. Its possibilities when it comes to fillings are seemingly endless, no matter your personal tastes. But you must consider that not every sub is called a sub. If you are passing through New England and fancy a sandwich, looking for a grinder will get you there quicker.

3
Midwest: Schnockered/ Schnookered

Image: Vinicius amnx Amano

Meaning: Schnockered: wasted/ Schnookered: scammed

Is there a connection between excessive alcohol consumption and being easy to deceive? Midwesterners apparently think so, because they use very similar terms for both situations. We tend to agree; nothing good can come from doing business while under the influence.

4
New York: Schlep

Image: Keagan Henman

Meaning: a difficult task, to carry something with difficulty.

As far as hectic places go, New York seems to be leading the rankings. No wonder they have a dedicated slang repertoire for difficult situations. If you are planning on visiting the Big Apple, take it easy; you will most likely encounter a schlep.

5
Florida: No-see-ums

Image: Maxim Mogilevskiy

Meaning: tiny biting midges.

Ah, Florida! The land of cruises, alligators, and invisible attacking bugs. These welcoming critters are known for attacking at dawn and leaving itchy marks that will sting for days. They go by the government name of Ceratopogonidae, but the no-see-ums nickname seems more accurate.

6
Boston: Regular

Image: Kelly Sikkema

Meaning: coffee with cream and sugar.

Forget about americanos, lattes, and espressos, a regular is the Boston way to go. Associated with a popular Dunkin’ order, it will come already creamed and sugared. Not advisable for diabetics and lactose intolerants.

7
Puerto Rico: A mi, plín!

Image: Ana Toledo

Meaning: I don’t care.

Puerto Rican slang can be hard to decipher even if you speak some Spanish, but this makes it even more unique. This phrase —literally translated as ‘to me, plin’— is commonly used to express that something or someone is of no concern to you. What is a ‘plin’? We don’t really know, but to us, plin!

8
Pacific Northwest: The mountain is out

Image: Caleb Riston

Meaning: there is good weather

Mount Rainier is one of the icons of Seattle and the Pacific Northwest, even though the stormy weather can often make it difficult to admire. On the days when the sky is clear and cloudless, this natural wonder "is out" and can be seen in its entirety. For the locals, the mountain being out has become synonymous with lovely weather and sunny skies.

9
Texas: Fixin’ to

Image: Pete Alexopoulos

Meaning: about to.

We are including this phrase as Texan slang, but you might hear it from Southerners of other states. What do they use it for? Not to talk about repairs, but to say they are about to do something or getting ready for something. Important: do not confuse it with ‘fixins’, a way to refer to side dishes or condiments.

10
Alaska: Sourdough

Image: DDP

Meaning: a long-time resident.

Alaska is filled with natural wonders, but it has always been a tough place to live in, especially during the time of the pioneers. These brave people relied on a few food sources, one of them being sourdough starter to make bread and biscuits. In time, seasoned Alaskans came to be referred to as ‘sourdough’, as a way of honoring their resilience and love for the territory. Opposite to a ‘sourdough’, you can find a ‘cheechako’ or newcomer.

11
Utah: RM

Image: Taylor Brandon

Meaning: someone who returned from their missionary service.

Utah is known for many things, one of them being its high number of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints members (commonly known as Mormons). Many members of the Church choose to serve as missionaries, an activity that can take them to a different state or even a different country for up to two years. Once they come back, they might be referred to as RM, or ‘returned missionary’.

12
Hawaii: Da kine

Image: little plant

Meaning: placeholder for something.

If you are in Hawaii, you might notice locals using this phrase to refer to various things, similar to how other English speakers use ‘whatsit’ as a placeholder. A common phrase in Hawaiian Pidgin, ‘da kine’ can be used for objects, people, places, ideas, and much more.

General General 4 min read

Star power comes in all sizes

Which famous actor is 5'6"? Movie magic hides more than you imagine

Image: William Warby

The movie screen shows us everything we want... and sometimes even what we don’t. But some things aren’t so easy to notice, like the height of our favorite stars. From classic icons like John Wayne to today’s celebrities like Taylor Swift, these 10 stars fall into one of two categories: really tall… or really, really short! Can you guess how tall each one is?

1
Clint Eastwood

Image: movie studio, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Spaghetti Westerns wouldn’t have been the same without Clint Eastwood, and neither would cinema as a whole. He not only won our hearts with unforgettable performances but also built a career as a respected director and even stepped into politics. But that’s not all: It turns out he’s also one of the tallest actors in Hollywood, standing at an impressive 6'4"!

2
Tom Cruise

Image: Gage Skidmore from Peoria, AZ, United States of America, CC BY-SA 2.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

Tom Cruise is famous for performing his own stunts in some truly dangerous scenes. At 5'7", he may not be Hollywood’s tallest leading man, but that doesn’t stop him from skydiving while flipping through the air, piloting planes, filming atop skyscrapers without a harness, and, of course, being one of the highest-paid actors in the world.

3
John Wayne

Image: DVD (Batjac-Paramount Pictures), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Western films and war movies owe a lot to the talented John Wayne. Known as "The Duke," his tough-guy persona came not only from his roles but also from his imposing size: he stood an impressive 6 feet 4 inches tall.

4
Dolly Parton

Image: Mel Melcon, Los Angeles Times, CC BY 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

The queen of country music doesn’t need height to stand out: At just 5 feet tall, she became one of America’s most beloved female singers. Creator of hits like "Jolene," "9 to 5," and "I Will Always Love You," she often wears heels during performances and TV and movie appearances.

5
Danny DeVito

Image: Mario A. P., CC BY-SA 2.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

If you thought Dolly was the shortest person on this list, think again, as the talented and beloved actor Danny DeVito stands at 4'10''. His height is due to a genetic condition called multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED), which affects bone growth. Far from holding him back, Danny has showcased his talent in successful films like Batman Returns (1992), Matilda (1996), Big Fish (2003), and many more.

6
Brooke Shields

Image: MSGT. Don Wetterman, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Height isn’t just for men; just look at actress Brooke Shields, who stands an amazing 6 feet tall. Known for films like The Blue Lagoon (1980) and the sitcom Suddenly Susan (1996–2000), her height and striking beauty also contributed to her great success in the fashion world.

7
Dustin Hoffman

Image: Gorup de Besanez, CC BY-SA 3.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

The Graduate (1967), Midnight Cowboy (1969), and Kramer vs. Kramer (1979) are cinematic classics, in large part thanks to Dustin Hoffman’s outstanding performances. While he wasn’t the tallest protagonist at 5 '7", his height never got in the way of these and many other films achieving huge success.

8
Dwayne Johnson

Image: Eva Rinaldi Celebrity and Live Music Photographer, CC BY-SA 2.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

Also in the Tall Club is Dwayne Johnson, better known as "The Rock." Standing an impressive 6'5", his strength goes beyond his height and acting talent, as he also gained fame as a professional wrestling superstar.

9
Taylor Swift

Image: Marcin Wichary from San Francisco, U.S.A., CC BY 2.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

Named Time’s Person of the Year in 2023, Taylor Swift is undeniably one of the biggest sensations of this era. But her musical talent and knack for creating hit songs aren’t all she brings to the table: Her 5'11" height also adds to her stunning stage presence.

10
Al Pacino

Image: Gotfryd, Bernard, photographer, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Mr. Al Pacino may have brought to life some of the toughest characters, and even a few criminals. But his rugged image might make you think he’s a bit taller. To many people's surprise, Al actually stands around 5' 6". Short or tall, he was destined to be a star!

11
Uma Thurman

Image: Siebbi, CC BY 3.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

Brooke Shields and Taylor Swift aren't the only tall women on this list. The star of Pulp Fiction (1994) and Kill Bill (2003–2004) also ranks among the tallest. At 5'11", Uma Thurman has always stood out for her versatility and commanding screen presence.

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