Culture Culture 5 min read

10 movie sidekicks who stole the show

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By definition, protagonists are the center of attention in movies — but so many of them wouldn’t be able to succeed without their loyal, always-ready companions. Where would Han Solo be without Chewbacca ? Would Marty have even been able to travel through time without Doc Brown ? Sometimes to give the hero a hand, others to add a humorous touch, these 10 sidekicks became as important as the main characters.

1
Chewbacca ( Star Wars )

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Chewbacca, an over seven-foot-tall Wookie covered in fur, is a character that never needed words to steal our hearts . He’s been Han Solo's faithful companion since the beginning of the Star Wars saga in A New Hope (1977), helping the heroes not only with his knowledge of starships and combat skills, but also adding a warm sense of humor and unbreakable loyalty.

Chewbacca (played by Peter Mayhew in the first three original Star Wars films) doesn’t appear on camera nearly as much as protagonists Han, Luke Skywalker, and Princess Leia, yet he’s become a symbol of Star Wars and a familiar face we always enjoy seeing again.

2
Doc Brown ( Back to the Future )

Image: Valerie Johnson

While it was never clear how a cool high school student who rides a skateboard is friends with an eccentric inventor, Marty McFly and Dr. Emmet "Doc" Brown are one of the most iconic movie duos . And though Marty (Michael J. Fox) is the lead character, all the events of the Back to the Future movies (1985-1990) are set in motion by Doc (Christopher Lloyd) and his time-travel machine.

His crazy white hair and energetic personality fill the movie with plenty of funny scenes as well as emotional and reflective moments that have made Doc Brown as memorable as the hero.

3
Robin ( Batman )

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Robin is probably the most recognizable sidekick of all. He first appeared on the big screen in the 15-chapter Batman theatrical movie serial released in 1943, though he was a known character from the DC comics before that. Over the following decades, Robin appeared in several Batman television shows, animated series, films, and other adaptations.

Robin is Batman’s young crime-fighting partner, who adds a little bit of optimism and humor to the dark and solemn world of the hero. He contributes with his agility, courage, and a more easygoing personality, making him an iconic Gotham figure hard to separate from Batman.

4
Samwise Gamgee ( The Lord of the Rings )

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"Frodo wouldn't have got far without Sam," says Frodo (Elijah Wood) in The Two Towers (2002), and we all agreed. Few sidekicks have the strength and courage to remain loyal as Sam did in the face of an evil much greater than himself.

The epic journey of the two hobbits in The Lord of the Rings ’ saga is centered around Frodo and his struggle with the One Ring, but Sam’s (Sean Astin) commitment and never-give-up attitude were the key reason the duo succeeded — but his humility and kind heart were what won ours.

5
Donkey ( Shrek )

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Just thinking about Donkey can make you laugh. Donkey (voiced by Eddie Murphy) is impossible to ignore, and he’ll make sure of that. He’s the fast-talking, nonstop-chattering companion of the grumpy ogre (voiced by Mike Myers) in the Shrek films (2001 - 2010, with a fifth film slated for 2027), and honestly, the movies wouldn’t be nearly as fun without him.

One of the best things about this duo is seeing how Donkey drives Shrek up the wall , though he can’t bring himself to dislike him. The clash of their personalities created the most hilarious scenes of the series and has made Donkey as essential as Shrek.

6
Toto ( The Wizard of Oz )

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Small in size but unforgettable in spirit: that’s little Toto. He’s Dorothy’s companion throughout her journey in the magical Land of Oz in The Wizard of Oz (1939), and he taught us that even the smallest fellow can make a big difference .

But Toto was not just adorable (though that’s a good reason we love him); he actually helps Dorothy (Judy Garland) many times throughout the movie, exposing the Wizard’s secrets and getting her out of danger time and time again.

7
Jiminy Cricket ( Pinocchio )

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Jiminy Cricket serves as Pinocchio's conscience in Disney’s Pinocchio (1940), but in a way he became the voice of everyone’s conscience. The little cricket (voiced by Cliff Edwards) tries to help Pinocchio understand right from wrong and always encourages him to do good, even when it isn’t easy.

His wisdom and charisma make him responsible for much of the film’s humor and heart, and he evolved into a symbol of integrity in pop culture. None of Pinocchio's growth would’ve been possible without this little fellow.

8
Goose ( Top Gun )

Image: Kathy Hutchins

Nick "Goose" Bradshaw (Anthony Edwards) is Maverick’s (Tom Cruise) best friend in Top Gun (1986), bringing warmth to the movie and also contrasting Maverick’s recklessness with a more grounded personality. Their unique bond and friendship make each character grow throughout the film.

Goose became a fan favorite (despite having much less time on camera than the protagonist), especially due to the tragic events he’s involved in, which represent some of the most emotional moments in the entire movie and a turning point for Maverick.

9
Dr. Watson ( Sherlock Holmes )

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While Sherlock Holmes is indeed the star of the story, with his brilliant mind and sharp observation, Dr. Watson plays a key role when it comes to solving the duo’s cases, as he brings a bit of "humanity" and common sense to Holmes’ cold calculations and eccentricities.

Dr. Watson also contributes with subtle touches of humor , giving funny remarks that clash with Holmes’ quirks. From the original stories by Arthur Conan Doyle to the many adaptations for film and television, Watson became as iconic as Sherlock, making it impossible to think of one without the other.

10
Short Round ( Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom )

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The charming, fearless boy who proved that he could save the day despite his age and be more than just the comic relief of Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984) — that’s Short Round, played by future Oscar winner Ke Huy Quan.

His quick wit and funny banter with Indiana Jones (Harrison Ford) added a necessary share of humor to the film, and his relationship with the archaeologist felt more like a father-and-son kind of thing, which was enough for Short Round to steal the show. And while he has only appeared in one of the many Indiana Jones movies, he became a fan favorite from day one.

Geography Geography 4 min read

Discovering America

What's the easternmost point of the US? If you say Maine, think again!

Image: Jon Sailer

We’ve all picked up "facts" about the fifty states somewhere along the way, but not all of them hold up. Some are half-truths passed around for generations , others are just plain wrong. So, in an attempt to set the record straight once and for all, we’ve gathered some fun truths that clear up the biggest mix-ups about our states.

1
Arizona skips Daylight Saving Time

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This is partly true because most of the state doesn’t bother with Daylight Saving Time . They stopped changing the clocks back in 1967. The exception is the Navajo Nation, which stretches into Utah and New Mexico and keeps DST so all its communities stay on the same schedule. Now, as for the smaller Hopi reservation, inside the Navajo Nation, it sticks with Arizona time… Yes, quite confusing if you’re not a local.

2
Georgia isn’t really the Peach State

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Georgia loves its peaches, sure, but the state’s top fruit money-maker is actually blueberries . In recent years, blueberries have brought in several times more cash for farmers than peaches. Meanwhile, California grows far more peaches than Georgia ever has. The nickname stuck from the old days when Georgia peaches were famous for their flavor, not their volume. So while the pride is real, the peaches aren’t quite the powerhouse people may think.

3
Nevada didn’t record the hottest US temperature

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You probably think of Nevada’s desert heat as unmatched, but the all-time record belongs to California’s Death Valley . In July 1913, it hit a mind-melting 134 degrees Fahrenheit, the hottest temperature not only in America but the hottest ever recorded on Earth!

4
Minnesota doesn’t have the most lakes

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Minnesota proudly calls itself the "Land of 10,000 Lakes," but that’s selling itself short… The real number is closer to 12,000. However, Alaska wins this battle . The state has more than 3 million lakes over five acres in size. In fact, Alaska contains over 40 percent of the nation’s surface water. If you love fishing, kayaking, or just staring at a quiet stretch of water, the true lake capital of America is far up north.

5
Pineapples aren’t native to Hawaii

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Pineapples are everywhere in Hawaiian imagery, but the plant actually comes from South America , mainly Paraguay and southern Brazil. Spanish explorers likely brought them to Hawaii in the 1500s after spreading them across the Pacific to places like the Philippines and Guam. Hawaii’s climate turned out to be perfect for growing them and by the 1900s, the islands were producing so many pineapples that the fruit became a symbol of Hawaii itself.

6
Maine isn’t the country’s easternmost point

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If you’re a Geography geek, you’ll love this one. You might picture Maine’s rocky coast as the eastern tip of America, but the actual easternmost point is thousands of miles away, on Alaska’s Semisopochnoi Island in the Aleutians. How is that possible? Well, that’s because it crosses the 180th meridian, putting it in the Eastern Hemisphere. That means part of Alaska technically sits farther east than anywhere in Maine.

7
The biggest US earthquake didn’t happen in California

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California has suffered some big earthquakes in its history, but the most powerful earthquake in America struck Alaska in 1964 . It hit Prince William Sound with a magnitude of 9.2. It was so strong it shook the ground for four and a half minutes and triggered massive tsunamis. In today’s dollars, the damage would total more than $2 billion. Alaska sits on a collision zone of tectonic plates, making it one of the world’s most seismically active regions.

8
The Everglades isn’t America’s biggest swamp

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A lot of people picture the Florida Everglades when they think of swamps, but technically, the Everglades isn’t a swamp at all. The real title of the largest swamp in the United States goes to Louisiana’s Atchafalaya Basin , which spans about 1.4 million acres. This swamp has a vast mix of cypress forests, bayous, and marshes, and it’s more than twice as productive as the Everglades when it comes to wildlife and plant life.

9
Big cities aren’t always capitals

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It surprises people how often the biggest city isn’t the state capital . New York City? Not the capital… Albany is. Chicago? Nope, that honor goes to Springfield. Pennsylvania’s capital isn’t Philly or Pittsburgh, it’s Harrisburg. Even California’s capital isn’t L.A. or San Francisco, it’s actually Sacramento. Out of fifty states, only seventeen have their most populous city as the capital.

10
Alaska isn’t divided into counties

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Alaska likes to do things its own way. Instead of counties, it’s split into boroughs , and a massive area known as the Unorganized Borough has no local government at all. People out there don’t pay property taxes, but that freedom comes with challenges, limited services, fewer job options, and tough living conditions.

Culture Culture 6 min read

The Five-Sided Puzzle Palace

A man lived there secretly? Stunning facts about the Pentagon

Image: Touch Of Light, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Did you know that construction on the Pentagon building began on September 11, 1941, exactly 60 years before it was attacked? The home of the US Department of Defense has stood for more than 80 years. Although its iconic shape is intriguing in itself, it hides deeper secrets that many Americans have never heard of. Did you know it feeds 26,000 people a day—at a McDonald's, a Five Guys, a Taco Bell, and over 30 other restaurants? Or that a man secretly lived inside its walls for years? Let’s dive into the Pentagon building’s secrets.

1
A renovation project saved thousands of lives on 9/11

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On September 11, 2001, American Airlines Flight 77 struck the Pentagon at 9:37 a.m., killing 189 people. Few people know this part: the death toll could have been much higher. But there was a renovation project underway at the time of the attacks.

The Pentagon’s five-sided structure is divided into five "wedges," and workers had been renovating them one at a time. Flight 77 struck the wedge that had just been completed. Of the 4,500 people who normally worked in that section, only about 800 had moved back in. Without the reinforced construction and the incomplete occupancy, experts believe the casualties would have been catastrophically higher.

2
The Cold War and the hot dog stand

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In the middle of the Pentagon’s five-acre center courtyard once stood a modest hot dog stand. According to a Cold War legend (one still retold by official Pentagon tour guides on every public tour), between the 60s and the 80s, Soviet satellite images tracked large groups of high-ranking military officials converging on that small building at the same time every day.

Soviet intelligence reportedly concluded the structure must be the entrance to some underground bunker in America. In reality, all it did was sell lunch. In 2006, the original stand was torn down, and a sandwich shop was built in its place.

3
Its construction began on September 11th, exactly 60 years before the attack

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Builders broke ground on the Pentagon on September 11, 1941. That was exactly 60 years to the day before the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks that would strike the same building.

Construction had been ordered by Army Brigadier General Brehon Somervell, who wanted a permanent headquarters for the Defense Department to replace its then-17 scattered offices across Washington, D.C.

The project was extraordinarily ambitious: plans called for the world’s largest office building to be completed in just 16 months. In the end, the conception, design, and construction of the entire Pentagon building took a total of 15 months.

4
The same person oversaw its construction and the Manhattan Project

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Colonel Leslie Groves of the Army Corps of Engineers took charge of Pentagon construction in August 1941. He worked six days a week and drove his team relentlessly, at one point employing more than 15,000 workers around the clock.

When the Pentagon was finished in January 1943, Groves was assigned to lead the Manhattan Project, America’s secret program to build the atomic bomb . His deputy, Captain Robert Furman, followed him into the Manhattan Project as chief of foreign intelligence. Together, the men who built the world’s largest office building went on to produce the weapon that ended World War II.

5
Why is it shaped like that?

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The Pentagon’s iconic five-sided shape was the consequence of a geographic accident. The original site selected for the building, near Arlington Cemetery, **happened to be bordered on five sides by roads. **Architects designed the structure to fit those boundaries, producing a pentagonal floor plan. Then President Franklin D. Roosevelt intervened: worried the massive building would obstruct the view of Washington, D.C. from Arlington, he ordered the site moved to its current location along the Potomac River. But the five-sided design had already been drawn up, and nobody changed it.

6
It was the first desegregated building in Virginia

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When the Pentagon was designed in 1941, segregation was the law in Virginia. Original plans called for doubled bathroom facilities: separate ones for Black and white employees, as required by Virginia statute. But President Roosevelt had signed Executive Order 8802 in June 1941, prohibiting racial discrimination in federal employment and government contracting.

As a federal building, the Pentagon was exempt from Virginia law. It became the only building in the state where segregation was not enforced. A fully desegregated federal workplace that opened in 1943. The doubled bathrooms were built anyway, as the plans were too far along to revise, but were never used as separately designated spaces.

7
Its construction was surprisingly frugal and incredibly fast

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Ground broke on September 11, 1941, and construction finished on January 15, 1943, just 16 months later. More than 15,000 workers were on site around the clock. Wartime office shortages were so severe that employees moved into completed wings before the rest of the building was finished. Steel was too scarce to use extensively, so builders relied almost entirely on reinforced concrete. The 689,000 tons of sand and gravel required came directly from the nearby Potomac River, cutting transportation costs. The project was budgeted at $35 million, but the final bill was $63 million, which would translate to over $900 million in today’s dollars.

8
You can walk between its farthest points in only 7 minutes

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The Pentagon is the world’s largest low-rise office building: 6.5 million square feet of space, which is three times the total floor area of the Empire State Building. Each of its five outer walls is 921 feet long. It has 7,754 windows and 17.5 miles of corridors. Approximately 26,000 military and civilian employees report for work there every day.

Despite that scale, the building’s concentric ring design is so efficient that it takes only about seven minutes to walk between its two farthest points.

9
The man who secretly lived inside its walls

Image: Carol M. Highsmith, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

During construction, Colonel Groves drove his deputy, Captain Robert Furman, so relentlessly that Furman rarely left the building. To cope, Furman had contractors build him a small, windowless apartment hidden inside the walls of the Army’s Ordnance Division. In this private room, he could sleep and shower without leaving the premises.

When construction ended and personnel dispersed, knowledge of the hidden room was never passed on to building management. Months later, when Furman returned to Washington on Manhattan Project intelligence business, he found the apartment undiscovered and exactly as he’d left it.

For over a year, he would slip back to the Pentagon, pop open a wall panel, spend the night, and emerge in the morning with his suitcase. He was finally caught in 1943 and forced to surrender the keys. It was never disclosed whether the secret apartment was maintained or eventually absorbed back into the official floor plans.

10
It houses over 30 restaurants, including everyone's favorite chains

Image: Harrison Keely, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The Pentagon feeds roughly 26,000 people a day, and its dining options read less like a military headquarters and more like a mall food court. The main Concourse Food Court, which opened in September 2009 and seats 875 people, is the largest of several dining areas.

Confirmed chains currently inside the building include McDonald’s, Five Guys, Subway, Popeyes, Starbucks (multiple locations), Dunkin’ (two locations), Panera Bread, Taco Bell, Panda Express, Baskin-Robbins, Potbelly, Jamba Juice, and Moe’s Southwest Grill, among others. The building also houses a CVS pharmacy, a florist, a jeweler, and a dry cleaner. In the summer of 2024, Potbelly became the first restaurant to open in the center courtyard. Yes, the very spot where the legendary Cold War hot dog stand once stood.

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