General General 4 min read

Slippery, spotty, and surprising

These local amphibians can regrow limbs, release toxins, and much more!

Image: Pixabay

Given America's vast territory and rich biodiversity, our land holds a wide variety of mammals, reptiles, and birds—but let's not forget the amphibians! The United States is home to a great and extravagant range of amphibians that are far more fascinating than just regrowing tails: Some well-known and others that you'll definitely want to discover. Join us as we explore the unique traits of these 10 incredible amphibians found across the US!

1
Tiger salamander

Image: Anastasia Pirri

Meet the tiger salamander—one of the largest terrestrial salamanders in North America. While its size is certainly impressive, the tiger salamander also has other traits that make it stand out. Take its appearance, for example: its dark brown body with bright yellow blotches resembles tiger stripes, which is why it has such a peculiar name. But there's more! Unlike many other salamanders, this one spends much of its time underground, using its large, powerful limbs to dig.

Fun fact: Some states, like Colorado and Kansas, have named it their official state amphibian!

2
Eastern Hellbender

Image: laura adai

Although the tiger salamander is impressively large, another salamander stands out for its huge size: the Eastern Hellbender.

Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis is its scientific name (quite a mouthful, right?). It holds the title of the largest salamander in North America. In fact, it's sometimes nicknamed "snot otter" due to its large body and the slippery texture of its skin.

3
Amphiuma

Image: Wolfgang Hasselmann

When you first see this creature, you might mistake it for a snake or an eel. But it's actually an amphibian—more specifically, an aquatic salamander known as the amphiuma. Its appearance, let’s just say, isn’t exactly what most would call "cute."

This unusual amphibian can grow up to 3 feet long! And while not immediately noticeable, it has tiny legs with only one, two, or three toes, depending on the species. Its limbs aren't very useful, but they do make the amphiuma look just a bit creepier.

4
Colorado River Toad

Image: Crystal McClernon

The Colorado River Toad may not be the cutest or most dazzling creature out there, but it's certainly one of the most fascinating. Native to the southwestern United States, this amphibian is one of the largest toads in North America, but what sets it apart isn't its size. So, while it may look slow and harmless, this toad is capable of releasing a dangerous, highly psychoactive toxin that acts as a defense mechanism and can be fatal to many species, including dogs.

5
Common Mudpuppy

Image: Tommy Bond

Now, it's time for an amphibian whose cuteness is one of its most distinctive features; even its name reflects that! We're talking about the Common Mudpuppy, an aquatic salamander that inhabits streams, rivers, ponds, and lakes. It's also one of the few salamanders that remain fully aquatic throughout their entire life. And that’s precisely why it sports a pair of large, red external gills on the sides of its head, giving it an almost 16th-century European look!

6
Gray Tree Frog

Image: Aurora K

The small Gray Tree Frog inhabits the forests and woodlands of the eastern United States. And while it's true you might find it on trees and plants, its nickname isn't entirely accurate when it comes to color. Yes, it can be gray, but this amphibian has the ability to change its color to blend in with its surroundings! It also has another superpower: the ability to survive freezing temperatures. By producing a natural antifreeze, it protects its organs during cold conditions that most of us couldn’t begin to handle.

7
Spotted Salamander

Image: Kristina Kutleša

As its name suggests, what distinguishes the Spotted Salamander is its shocking look. But beware, its mottled appearance isn't just for show. It also acts as a warning to ward off predators! If you've ever seen one in the wild, consider yourself lucky because although it’s fairly widespread, this salamander spends most of its time underground.

8
Pacific Giant Salamander

Image: wallace Henry

If you venture into the mountainous regions of the Pacific Northwest, you might come face-to-face with the Pacific Giant Salamander, one of the largest terrestrial salamanders in North America.

Reaching up to 14 inches in length, this amphibian is striking to see—but it’s even more surprising when you hear it. That’s right: unlike most of its kind, the Pacific giant salamander can make audible barking sounds!

9
Barking Tree Frog

Image: José M. Alarcón

We have a contestant that could go head-to-head with the Pacific Giant Salamander in a barking contest: the aptly named Barking Tree Frog.

Let’s just say the frog’s striking features are perfectly summed up by its name. In states like Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina, you can find this little amphibian calling from the treetops or near freshwater shores.

10
Dusky Gopher Frog

Image: Geraldine Dukes

Finally, we have the most mysterious and elusive of all: the Dusky Gopher Frog. As one of the rarest frog species in the U.S., the Dusky Gopher Frog is incredibly elusive and critically endangered, with fewer than 200 individuals left in the wild. The dusky frog spends most of its life hidden underground and only comes out during the mating season.

General General 2 min read

More than just books

Discover 12 things your neighborhood library offers aside from books

Image: chris robert

Think a library’s just for borrowing books? Think again. These days, libraries offer much more than shelves of novels and encyclopedias. From live music recitals and foreign language classes to free Wi-Fi and cozy workspaces, there’s something for everyone. Check out these 12 features that might be waiting for you at your local library!

1
Museum tickets

Image: Moralis Tsai

Many libraries in the U.S. and worldwide offer free passes to museums, zoos, and cultural centers . It's a great way to explore local attractions without spending any money.

Check with your local library to see what’s available. Some even let you reserve passes online.

2
Language classes

Image: Ling App

Many libraries offer free language classes, either in person or through online platforms .

It's a great way to start learning a new language or improve your existing skills. Be sure to check what your local library offers.

3
Wi-Fi

Image: Franck

Many public libraries have partnered with companies like Verizon to offer Wi-Fi hotspots for checkout, helping those without internet access at home or travelers stay connected.

This service helps bridge the digital divide and ensures patrons can access important online resources and services.

4
State Park passes

Image: Joshua J. Cotten

Several libraries across the U.S. offer free passes to local and state parks . This is a great way to explore nature without the added cost.

5
Telescopes

Image: Patrick Hendry

Local astronomical societies and clubs have teamed up with libraries to offer telescopes , just like books.

This gives visitors the chance to explore the night sky in remarkable detail—perfect for beginners and astronomy enthusiasts alike.

6
Video and board games

Image: Karthik Balakrishnan

Many libraries offer game collections to their visitors, including both classic board games and popular video games .

This provides a fun, free way for patrons to enjoy games without needing to buy them.

7
Early literacy programs

Image: Michał Parzuchowski

Librarians are passionate about promoting early literacy and getting kids excited about reading. Many libraries offer age-specific programs at different times, often featuring fun themes and activities to keep young readers engaged.

8
Concerts

Image: BRUNO CERVERA

Many libraries host free concerts throughout the year, featuring a variety of musical genres.

These performances cater to different audiences, providing a great way to enjoy live music without spending a dime .

9
Genealogy

Image: June Hansen

Some libraries offer free access to the library edition of Ancestry.com, allowing users to explore their family history .

Available on-site, it provides the same features as a personal subscription, including access to global records and historical documents.

10
Movies

Image: Marius GIRE

Many libraries not only lend movies but also host free movie screenings. These events often include kids' films during school breaks, holiday specials, and midday showings for all ages .

11
Printers

Image: Mahrous Houses

No printer at home? Some libraries let you email documents for printing at a small fee . They may also offer faxing and copying services. Additionally, many libraries provide access to a range of tools, such as 3D printers, scanners, and more.

12
Computers

Image: Keith Kasaija

Many libraries offer desktop computers with internet access for their patrons to use, free of charge. These stations give visitors a quiet space to complete online tasks, work, or study.

Culture Culture 5 min read

Uncovering the genius

What was Einstein's first job? Discover 10 fun facts about the scientist!

Image: Raghav Modi

On March 14, 1879, the famous Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany. While we all recognize him as a major figure in the history of science and appreciate his many contributions to the fields of physics and quantum mechanics, there are many colorful facts about Einstein's life that you probably haven't heard before. From his first job and hobbies to his love affairs and preferred clothing, we'll uncover 10 surprising facts about the author of the Theory of Relativity!

1
Smart boy

Image: Benjamin Smith

It's definitely not a secret that Albert Einstein was an exceptionally intelligent child. However, his achievements were extraordinary, and we're not just talking about him getting A's in school; he was teaching himself complex subjects as a preteen just for fun!

At just 12 years of age, his curious and powerful mind led him to become an autodidact. While other children were naturally playing on the playground, Einstein taught himself algebra and geometry in a single summer!

2
Scientific teen

Image: Camille Orgel

That genius child became a teenage scientist. At 16 years old, most of us were dealing with high school, but Einstein was doing something a bit different: he was writing his first scientific paper, titled "On the Investigation of the State of the Ether in a Magnetic Field."

The paper was inspired by his compass and examined the force of magnetism. Although it wasn't published, this research reveals the passion, dedication, and great intellect that Einstein displayed from a very young age.

3
A hobby

Image: Providence Doucet

But calculus and science weren't the only interests of the young Einstein. One of his other great passions was music. And, of course, he stood out in that field too.

It turns out that his mother, Pauline, was a talented pianist, and she encouraged Albert to play music from an early age. At 5 years old, Albert received a violin as a gift and began his lessons immediately.

It's said that, at first, he struggled a bit due to the instrument's complexity—yes, probably because he was only 5—but by the age of 13, he had become a skilled violinist, playing compositions by classical composers such as Bach and Mozart.

4
First job

Image: Andrew George

Einstein graduated from the Polytechnic Institute in Zurich in 1902 at the age of 23. Surprisingly, despite his impressive intellectual ability and broad knowledge, he was rejected for many of the academic positions he applied for after graduation. Faced with this situation, the scientist accepted a job at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern.

Later, Einstein stated that taking that job was "a salvation," as it provided a stable income and, at the same time, gave him free time to commit to his ongoing scientific research fully. Thanks to this key decision, by 1909, Einstein had already become a renowned scientist, celebrated for his contributions to physics.

5
Another passion

Image: Ian Keefe

With such a wonderful mind, it's no surprise that Einstein would have multiple and varied passions and hobbies.

One of those was sailing. Although he developed this interest as an adult, he was still very young when he discovered that sailing had a calming effect on him.

Sailing became one of his favorite activities, allowing him to escape the intensity of his work and appreciate nature—and his relationship with it—from a different perspective. He would often spend entire days on lakes and rivers, both during his time in Europe and later in the United States.

6
Almost a president

Image: Kate Macate

Among Einstein's varied accomplishments, there is one that many people don't know about: he almost became a president!

In 1952, the genius received a formal invitation from Israel to become the country's president. By that time, Albert was already a recognized and respected physicist, making him an ideal figure for that leadership role. However, Einstein politely declined the offer, claiming that he didn't have the political experience needed for the position and that his desire was to continue working in the scientific field. Once again, his wisdom stood out.

7
100 against him

Image: Igor Omilaev

Standing out in a field and introducing new ideas can often turn many against you. That "hate" we see today on social media isn't something entirely new. Some public figures had to deal with hate long before the internet became part of our daily lives.

Something like that happened to Einstein. As is well known, the publication of his Theory of Relativity brought a lot of uproar, both positive and negative. In 1931, a group of scientists published a collection of essays called One Hundred Authors Against Einstein (a bit aggressive, right?), in which they opposed the new ideas and discoveries of the German scientist.

8
Gossip

Image: Jarvik Joshi

The 20th century had something for everyone. In the 1950s , while Einstein was immersed in his theoretical physics work, Hollywood was at one of its peaks, with stars like Audrey Hepburn, Elizabeth Taylor, Grace Kelly, and Marilyn Monroe gracing the screen. While it may seem that science and entertainment are separate realms, rumors and gossip brought these two worlds together.

Legend has it that our well-remembered scientist had a brief romantic affair with none other than Marilyn Monroe, one of the most talented and beautiful women the world has ever seen. Although it's true that both figures met at several public events in the United States, there's not enough evidence to support this rumor.

9
The marriage

Image: Marc A. Sporys

There is a romance involving Einstein that was somewhat controversial but definitely confirmed. We're talking about his second marriage.

Einstein was married twice in his life. In 1903, he tied the knot with Mileva Marić, his colleague at the Polytechnic Institute in Zurich, Switzerland. Just like him, she was also noted for her brilliance. After 16 years, the marriage began to weaken, and the couple divorced in 1919.

That same year, Einstein married for the second time, this time to his first cousin , Elsa Löwenthal. The marriage was controversial due to their familial connection, but the union lasted for 17 years, until Elsa's death in 1936.

10
Free ankles

Image: Mockup Graphics

We all have our fashion quirks, right? Some hate turtlenecks, others choose the quality of their shirts carefully, and others may pay attention to details like accessories.

It turns out that Albert Einstein also had a little quirk when it came to clothing, but it's probably not what you're expecting. In fact, Einstein didn’t pay much attention to clothes or fashion. However, there was one particular item he found totally annoying and useless: socks . It’s said that he often wore mismatched socks for several days in a row, and at one point, he simply stopped wearing socks altogether.

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