Geography Geography 5 min read

Thriving in the heat

This is the most dangerous scorpion in all of North America!

Image: Dennis Thompson / PetrCZ

The desert can be one of the most dangerous environments for humans. However, despite the harsh conditions, a surprising number of species not only can survive but also exhibit incredible traits and abilities. If you're ready to meet 10 of these powerful (and, we must admit, threatening) creatures, keep reading!

1
Chuckwalla

Image: Matthew Mentley

The chuckwalla can grow up to 16 inches long, making it one of the largest desert lizards. However, its size isn't the most impressive thing about it. What sets it apart from the rest is its ability to inflate like a balloon to twice its size! That's right; chuckwallas inflate their bodies to fit perfectly into holes and crevices in rocks, making it nearly impossible for predators to pull them out.

As if that weren't enough, these lizards live in desert environments with virtually no water. Although they do take in some liquid, most of their hydration comes from the plants they eat.

2
Kangaroo rat

Image: Michael Jerrard

The incredible kangaroo rat is a specialist in surviving the harshest environments. One of its talents is construction; this rodent knows how to build elaborate burrows in sandy soils for shelter and protection. In addition, kangaroo rats have fur-lined cheek pouches that allow them to carry food from where they find it back to their burrows.

But what makes them unique is their jumping ability. As small rodents (just 3.5 to 5.5 inches), their leap is surprising: they can reach up to 9 feet in a single bound! Plus, like the chuckwalla, the kangaroo rat also survives in the desert on minimal water intake.

3
Gila monster

Image: David Clode

The Gila monster is as famous as it is amazing. This reptile, native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, stands out for its unique appearance: a dark, scaly skin with pink or orange spots. In addition, the Gila monster has something that makes it special: it's one of only two venomous lizards in North America. Its potent venom is full of neurotoxins that affect the nervous system of its prey, causing intense pain, swelling, bruising, and even paralysis.

4
Mojave green rattlesnake

Image: Photo by Mark Bratton, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

While any snake can be terrifying to most of us, the Mojave Green Rattlesnake stands out for several reasons.

The crotalus scutulatus —according to its scientific name— is distinguished by its greenish hue, which not only gives it its characteristic nickname but also helps it camouflage in the desert sand. This snake is not only venomous but is considered one of the most dangerous rattlesnakes! Its potent venom contains neurotoxins that, if left untreated with antivenom, can be lethal to various species, including humans.

5
Cactus wren

Image: Carol Lee

You've probably tried transplanting a cactus or got close to one, only to end up with tiny thorns that pricked you for days. But this doesn't happen to the cactus wren, an amazing bird known for its exceptional adaptation to the desert.

As its name implies, one of the most impressive features of the cactus wren is its ability to build large and sturdy nests on cacti without getting hurt. As if that weren't impressive enough, the bird's cleverness leads it to cover its nest with snakeskin to discourage potential predators. Incredible, right?

6
Green tarantula

Image: Thomas Oldenburger

Spiders are among the most feared creatures by humans. But if there's one spider that could scare even the bravest, it's the Mojave green tarantula, which can grow up to 4 inches long and has legs that span up to 6 inches!

Its venom delivers intense pain to its prey while simultaneously paralyzing them. In addition, these tarantulas have urticating hairs that irritate predators' skin, eyes, and respiratory systems. On the other hand, one of their great traits is their lifespan: This species can live up to 25 years in the wild!

7
Sidewinder rattlesnake

Image: Michael Jerrard

The sidewinder rattlesnake is definitely one of the desert bosses. You can tell it’s dangerous just by seeing it: Its typical triangular, flat head is topped with two horns that don't look friendly at all.

But what makes it a unique species is its movement pattern. This snake doesn't move in a straight line but in a sidewinding motion, lifting its body off the ground in a zigzag pattern. That allows it to confuse its prey while moving quickly without getting burned by the hot sand.

8
Pinyon jay

Image: frank mckenna

The cactus wren is not the only bird on this list; the pinyon jay also has its place. Nicknamed "forest farmers," pinyon jays bury the seeds of pinyon pines to eat later. The seeds they leave uneaten sprout into new pines, creating a symbiotic relationship between tree and bird. Even more impressive is their incredible memory: pinyon jays can remember thousands of seed burial locations, even months after hiding them!

9
Desert tortoise

Image: Abraham Weiss

Unlike bears and other animals that hibernate during the winter, desert tortoises enter a form of hibernation known as brumation. This occurs when it's very hot to save energy and they need to protect themselves from the heat. To do so, desert tortoises create deep burrows using their strong, shovel-like front legs. In addition, they can live up to 50 years in the wild, making them one of the longest-living reptiles.

10
Bark Scorpion

Image: Andrey Tikhonovskiy

When it comes to danger, the Bark Scorpion of the Mojave Desert is also one of the stars on this list. Considered one of the most dangerous scorpions in all of North America, this arachnid has a light yellowish body with darker spots. It tends to hide under rocks or trees, so you know where to be most careful. While it's not famous for attacking humans, it may sting if it feels threatened.

General General 4 min read

Fast-food flops

Do you recall these 11 big McDonald's menu fails?

Image: Lucas van Oort

Around 2014, McDonald's received a lot of criticism for not including healthier, more nutritious options on its menu, especially for kids. In response, the company embarked on a mission to create bubblegum-flavored broccoli. Needless to say, it was a complete failure. But this was not the only unsuccessful attempt to introduce new recipes and flavors. Throughout its several decades of existence, the Golden Arches has ventured into a wide variety of products that didn’t receive the expected reception. Do McPizza, Hula Burger, or McDLT ring a bell? Join us as we look back at 11 McDonald's products that were complete misfires!

1
McLean Deluxe

Image: Szabo Viktor

Remember the low-fat diet craze of the 1990s? Well, McDonald's was no stranger to it. To attract customers seeking "healthier" options, Mickey D's introduced the McLean Deluxe—a supposedly lighter burger than the Big Mac . The patty, developed by food scientists at Auburn University, was made with 90% meat and seaweed extract.

The company’s intentions were noble, but most consumers weren’t convinced by the "low fat but tastes great" slogan. Apparently, it was not tasty enough for the American palate and was ultimately pulled from stores in 1996 .

2
McHotDog

Image: sstoyanov

It doesn’t seem far-fetched for McDonald's to offer a hot dog on its menu. Yet, for many years, the company avoided it because Ray Kroc—the man who transformed McDonald's into the megafranchise we know today—had banned them on the grounds that sausages were of questionable quality.

Despite his reservations, McDonald's introduced the McHotDog in several locations in the mid-1990s. For unknown reasons, however, the product never took off. Have you ever tried it? What did you think?

3
McDLT

Image: Aaron Boucicault

No, it has nothing to do with Subway's BMT or the classic BLT sandwich. The McDLT, introduced in 1984, was a lettuce and tomato burger with only one novelty: it was sold in a Styrofoam container, separated in two, and you had to assemble it yourself.

The most likely reason for the McDLT’s demise was the backlash against Styrofoam in the late 1980s, due to its environmental impact. And let’s be honest—how many people actually want to assemble their own hamburger?

4
Hula Burger

Image: Irene Kredenets

Long before vegan options became popular, Ray Kroc attempted to offer a meatless option for Roman Catholics to eat during Lent. Introduced in 1963, the Hula Burger was essentially a cheeseburger with a slice of pineapple instead of a meat patty.

The idea was a complete flop and was quickly replaced by the Filet-O-Fish, which served the same purpose but was much better received by the public.

5
McLobster

Image: ucomedia

Believe it or not, McDonald's once had a lobster roll on its menu. Introduced in 1993, the McLobster was a sandwich served in a hot dog bun with lobster sauce and shredded lettuce.

Why did it fail? Mostly because of the price . Not only was it expensive for a fast food chain, but if you wanted lobster, you’d probably go to a seafood restaurant instead—don’t you agree?

6
Arch Deluxe

Image: HamZa NOUASRIA

Flavor-wise, the burger "with the grown-up taste" was decent enough, the problem was the marketing campaign that went along with it. The Arch Deluxe was designed for adults , featuring more sophisticated and expensive ingredients.

However, the ads showed Ronald McDonald engaging in adult activities and young rappers saying, "Yuck," which failed to resonate with anyone. The product flopped and was discontinued in 2000 . After all, no matter how old we are, when we go to McDonald's, we all want to feel like kids again.

7
McPizza

Image: dankeck, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

In hindsight, McDonald's should have stuck to selling burgers. But we have to give them credit for trying something different. In the late 1980s, the Golden Arches attempted to expand its menu with dinner options, introducing the McPizza. Sold only after 4 p.m. , it was heavily promoted through a major marketing campaign.

However, it was doomed to fail. Pizza takes much longer to prepare than a burger, and most people prefer to buy theirs from traditional pizza parlors. The McPizza was discontinued around 2000 and hasn’t returned to the menu since.

8
McPasta

Image: Lance Lozano

Just as pizza was a bad idea, offering pasta dishes at a burger joint was an even bigger stretch. Since the 1970s , McDonald's has attempted to market pasta, adding items like spaghetti and meatballs, lasagna, and fettuccine to its menu.

Needless to say, despite multiple attempts, all of McDonald's pasta products eventually flopped.

9
Onion Nuggets

Image: Brett Jordan

In 1975, a year after Burger King debuted its famous Onion Rings, McDonald's introduced Onion Nuggets. As the name suggests, this side dish consisted of small, fried onion pieces .

Unfortunately for vegetable lovers, Onion Nuggets were not as successful as their ring-shaped competitors and were finally removed from the menu in the mid-1980s. Just a few months later, McDonald's launched Chicken McNuggets, which proved to be a far bigger success.

10
McSalad Shakers

Image: Hermes Rivera

It seems that most of McDonald's attempts to offer healthier options were fruitless. The McSalad Shakers were salads sold in plastic cup-like containers that you had to shake to distribute the dressing evenly.

Although they featured three appealing flavors—Chef, Grilled Chicken Caesar, and Garden—McSalad Shakers lasted only a few years on the market. In 2003, the cups were replaced by traditional bowls, which, you’ll probably agree, make much more sense.

11
McDonaldland Cookies

Image: 三岁 陈

It remains a mystery why this item disappeared from the McDonald's menu, as it was a favorite among many for years. First introduced in 1974, this dessert consisted of crunchy lemon-flavored cookies shaped like the classic McDonaldland characters—Grimace, Hamburglar, The Fry Kids, Birdie, and Ronald himself!

McDonaldland Cookies came with the Happy Meal but were discontinued in the early 2000s , likely due to health concerns. The good news is, if you want to bring back this childhood flavor, you can still find them in Australia!

General General 4 min read

Legendary meals

What's the most iconic meal in your state? Find out if people agree!

Image: Alena Shekhovtcova

Surely, if you traveled to Florida, someone would urge you to try their Key Lime Pie. Just as they would recommend that you don’t leave Rhode Island without having their trademark Calamari. Do you know what dish you would encourage all visitors of your state to try? Here, we discuss 12 meals that several Americans selected as most unmissable per state –and you must try them!

1
Florida - Key Lime Pie

Image: Delfina Iacub

Let’s open with a classic: This tangy and refreshing treat is a true Sunshine State main character.

Imagine sinking your fork into a creamy, tart filling nestled in a graham cracker crust. It’s often topped with a fluffy meringue or whipped cream. The key limes, smaller and more tart than regular limes, give this pie its signature flavor.

2
Arkansas - Chili Cheeseburger

Image: René Roa

Pure Americana, hearty and satisfying meal. The Arkansas chili cheeseburger takes a juicy beef patty and smothers it in a savory, meaty chili .

Of course, melted cheddar cheese and diced onions are included. Chili cheeseburgers have been a staple in Arkansas diners and drive-ins since at least the 1950s.

3
Kentucky - Kentucky Fried Chicken

Image: Erik Mclean

Nothing like the crispy, golden goodness of Kentucky Fried Chicken when you are hungry. This finger-lickin' good dish, featuring Colonel Sanders' secret blend of 11 herbs and spices, has been a Kentucky staple (and a national favorite) since the 1930s.

Whether you prefer the original recipe, extra crispy, or those tasty chicken tenders, KFC is a true Kentucky comfort food classic.

4
Delaware - Thrashers French Fries

Image: Louis Hansel

In Delaware, Thrasher’s French Fries reign supreme. These crispy, golden fries are cooked in peanut oil and served piping hot in a paper cone, with a generous shake of salt and a side of apple cider vinegar for dipping. Forget ketchup or mayonnaise!

The Thrasher’s bucket has been a Delaware tradition since 1929, and it’s now a must-have snack for any beach day.

5
Indiana - Hoosier Pie

Image: Corleto Peanut butter

A delicious and comforting dessert that's perfect for sharing (or not): Indiana's Hoosier Pie, a.k.a. the sugar cream pie , features a flaky crust with a creamy, custard-like filling that tastes like butter and vanilla.

This pie is believed to have been a popular treat in Indiana farmhouses in the 19th century.

6
Illinois - Deep-Dish Pizza

Image: Chenyu Guan

Chicago-style deep-dish pizza has its naysayers, but it also has its fans. A hearty pizza with a thick, buttery crust filled with layers of cheese, chunky tomato sauce, plus toppings.

Some argue it’s not a pizza as much as a cheese pie . But it can be both, and it’s unarguably delicious. Whether you prefer it with pepperoni, sausage, or veggies, this is a must-try iconic Illinois treat.

7
Georgia - Peaches

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Simple as that! Georgia, the Peach State, lives up to its name with its juicy and flavorful peaches, and its citizens voted this as an unmissable treat.

Whether you enjoy them cold, baked in a cobbler, or preserved in a jar, Georgia peaches are a true Southern delight. But locals suggest you try them fresh off the tree .

8
New Hampshire - Maple Waffles

Image: nabil boukala

A breakfast that's sure to satisfy a sweet tooth. New Hampshire's maple waffles are fluffy, golden, and drizzled with pure maple syrup , made from the sap of the state’s maple trees.

The state's long history of maple sugaring dates back to the Native Americans, and today, New Hampshire maple syrup is prized for its flavor and quality. You can enjoy your waffles plain or topped with fresh fruit and whipped cream.

9
Pennsylvania - Philly Cheesesteak

Image: Snappr

The Philly cheesesteak is a sandwich legend, born and bred in the City of Brotherly Love. It features thinly sliced ribeye steak, sautéed with onions and melted cheese (usually provolone or Cheez Whiz), all piled high on a soft hoagie roll .

The story goes that this sandwich was invented in the 1930s by Pat and Harry Olivieri, hot dog vendors who decided to try something new.

10
New York - Lox and Cream Cheese Bagel

Image: Nancy Ingersoll

New York City's lox and cream cheese bagel is a classic deli staple that's perfect for breakfast or lunch!

A chewy bagel topped with thinly sliced smoked salmon (lox) , creamy schmear, and often some capers, onions, and tomatoes. It’s a New York City icon enjoyed by locals and tourists alike.

11
North Carolina - Krispy Kreme Donut

Image: leannk

What's amazing about North Carolina's Krispy Kreme donuts is that people prefer their original version: light and airy donuts with a signature glaze .

The company was founded in the 1930s in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and their "Hot Now" sign became a beacon for donut lovers everywhere. Of course, they offer many versions nowadays, like chocolate-iced or jelly-filled ones.

12
Rhode Island - Calamari

Image: Bart ter Haar

Rhode Island's calamari is a seafood lover's dream. This dish features tender squid, lightly breaded and fried to a golden crisp , often served with marinara sauce or a spicy aioli.

With its long coastline and rich fishing tradition, Rhode Island is known for its fresh seafood, and calamari is a local favorite.

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