Culture Culture 4 min read

Where did RadioShack go?

From Blockbuster to Pan Am: Remember these 10 giants no longer around?

Image: Sean Benesh

It can be hard to imagine a giant falling, but it happens more often than we might think. Huge companies with thousands of employees, stores across the world, and solid reputations file for bankruptcy every year—some with a loud bang, while others fade away quietly after a long decline. You will likely recognize the following ten names. These companies were once everywhere, only to one day vanish into thin air. Some are gone for good, some were absorbed by other corporate giants, and some still exist but only as a tiny fraction of what they used to be. Do you miss any of these brands?

1
Pan Am

Image: Rob Wilson

If a single name were to represent the airline industry in the 20th century, it would most likely be Pan Am. Founded as Pan American Airways in 1927, the company became an American icon , known for its many airline innovations , its distinctive blue logo, and the crisp white uniforms of its staff.

However, when the airline industry was deregulated in 1978, increased competition set the stage for Pan Am’s downfall. The company declined throughout the 1980s and ultimately declared bankruptcy in 1991.

2
Borders

Image: Araix Rand

Its huge stores were havens for book lovers, who could spend hours wandering its aisles, browsing and perusing its vast catalog of books , magazines , CDs , and more. But, alas, none of these stores had been profitable since the mid-2000s.

In 2011, after the company filed for bankruptcy, every single store was closed. Its trademarks were later purchased by its prominent rival, Barnes & Noble.

3
Circuit City

Image: Austin Distel

Starting its life as Wards Company in 1948, Circuit City became one of America’s most recognizable brands in the consumer electronics retail business . However, the turn of the century brought significant changes and financial difficulties, ultimately leading the company to file for bankruptcy in 2008.

4
Tower Records

Image: Lucía Garó

In a similar vein to Borders, Tower Records was a haven for music lovers who enjoyed the vast selection of music available in its stores. And, much like Borders, music stores have largely gone the way of the dodo.

Managerial blunders and the rise of internet piracy contributed to the company filing for bankruptcy twice—first in 2004 and again in 2006. Its assets were sold at auction to Great American Group, and the last store closed in December 2006.

5
Trans World Airlines (TWA)

Image: Ross Parmly

Pan Am was not the only major airline to disappear. The once-powerful TWA met the same fate, operating from 1930 until it was acquired by American Airlines in 2001 . It was once one of the "Big Four" domestic airlines in the United States, alongside United, Eastern, and the aforementioned American.

6
Blockbuster

Image: Bruno Guerrero

Another demise that hit hard for loyal customers was Blockbuster. While the VHS rental behemoth dominated the market throughout the ’90s and early 2000s —with over 9,000 stores and 84,000 employees—the lethal combination of the internet and piracy proved too much to withstand. As a result, the company gradually closed nearly all its stores, leaving only one remaining today in Bend, Oregon.

7
Amoco

Image: Markus Spiske

The first name on this list to disappear not due to financial difficulties but because of a merger, Amoco was a giant in the oil and gas industry. Founded in 1910, it became the largest natural gas producer in North America by the late ’90s .

In 1998, it merged with British Petroleum in a $61 billion deal. Existing service stations were rebranded under the BP name, and the Amoco brand gradually faded from view.

8
Compaq

Image: ThisisEngineering

In the ’90s, Compaq was a major player in the computer industry and, at one point, the largest supplier of PC systems in the US . However, as the century came to an end, lower-cost competitors like Dell began attracting consumers and chipping away at Compaq’s market share. In 2002, the company merged with Hewlett-Packard, and the Compaq name gradually faded away.

9
Woolworths

Image: Kay Enn

The original five-and-dime store, Woolworths, was a pioneer in the retail industry in the late 1800s . It managed to survive—and even thrive—through most of the 20th century, but by 1989, it had entered a steady decline.

Following a 1993 restructuring that led to the closure of half its 800 stores, the rest gradually shut down. While the Woolworths retail brand and name have disappeared, the company rebranded as the Venator Group in 2001 and shifted its focus to its footwear division. Today, you might know it as Foot Locker.

10
Howard Johnson’s

Image: Francesca Saraco

The last name on our list is a familiar one, especially to travelers. The iconic Howard Johnson’s began as a single ice cream stand outside Boston, Mass., before expanding to over 1,000 restaurants. In the 1950s, the chain introduced motor lodges at nearly 300 of its locations.

Howard Johnson’s was sold to Marriott in the 1980s, and most of its restaurants gradually shut down. The last remaining location, in Lake George, N.Y., closed its doors in 2017.

Culture Culture 4 min read

American icons by choice

Wait... they're not originally American? 10 famous figures born abroad!

Image: Spencer Davis

They came once and decided to stay to make a difference. From scientists and artists to politicians and businesspeople, many famous figures in American history were actually born in another country before moving here. Take Levi Strauss, the man behind blue jeans; he was actually born in Germany! Join us as we look at 10 iconic faces who weren't born in the US but went on to become American icons.

1
Levi Strauss

Image: Eric Prouzet

Although his name will forever be associated with American business pioneers, Levi Strauss was not born in the United States. That's right! The inventor of the iconic blue jeans was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1829. In 1847, he came to America along with his siblings in search of new opportunities, settling in New York. Eventually, he moved to San Francisco, where his famous company would be founded.

2
Irving Berlin

Image: Sandra Grünewald

While he can be considered one of the most American of Americans, Irving Berlin was actually born in Russia. That's right; the legendary composer and lyricist was born in 1888 in what was then the Russian Empire, and his family immigrated to the US when he was just a child. How lucky for us! Can you imagine life without classics like "White Christmas," "God Bless America," and "There's No Business Like Show Business"? Neither can we!

3
Alexander Graham Bell

Image: Carlos Eduardo

Although he became a naturalized US citizen in 1882, Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. He arrived in the United States in 1871, where he worked as a teacher and researcher. It was in America, in 1876, that he made his most famous invention: the telephone.

4
Elizabeth Taylor

Image: Color Crescent

Elizabeth Taylor, our Cleopatra, wasn't born in the United States. As you probably know, she saw the world for the first time in England in 1932 and moved to America in 1939, just before World War II started. But here's an important detail: Her parents were American! So, she was a US citizen from birth; she just happened to be born overseas.

5
Alfred Hitchcock

Image: Usha Kiran

Yes, Alfred Hitchcock was born in England, but we probably wouldn't have had the pleasure of enjoying cinema classics like Rear Window (1954), Vertigo (1958), Psycho (1960), and The Birds (1963) if he hadn't come to live and work in America. Although he was already a successful director in his home country, Hitchcock decided to come to the United States in 1939, drawn by the promise of Hollywood's growing film industry.

6
Audrey Hepburn

Image: Paige Johnson

Although she became an American citizen in the 1950s and won our hearts on the big screen, the legendary Audrey Hepburn was actually born in 1929 in Brussels, Belgium. In 1945, she settled in England, where she began taking ballet classes and started landing modeling and acting roles. Finally, in 1951, she came to America to star in the Broadway production of Gigi .

7
Isaac Asimov

Image: Phillip Glickman

Science fiction as we know it wouldn't be the same without the incredible work of Isaac Asimov. However, we may never have had the opportunity to enjoy his brilliant writing if his family hadn't immigrated to America. Asimov was born in 1920 in Petrovichi, Russia. His parents decided to move in 1923, just a year after the Soviet Union was established. At only 3 years old, he arrived in the US, and by the age of 8, he was a full American citizen.

8
Charles Chaplin

Image: Mimi Di Cianni

The unforgettable Charlie Chaplin was born in London in 1889. Before he turned 20, he arrived in the US as a young performer with a vaudeville company. Here, he found fame and became a global icon of silent film. Surprisingly, even after living and working here for over 40 years, he never officially became an American citizen, but Americans embraced him wholeheartedly all the same.

9
Albert Einstein

Image: WikiImages

Albert Einstein, one of the most famous scientists in the world, was born in Germany. And he chose to be American! He was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879, and later became a US citizen in 1940.

His first trip to America was in 1921, when he came to New York as a renowned scientist. Then, in 1933, he returned for good and accepted a position at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, where his former house still stands.

10
Joseph Pulitzer

Image: Jorien Loman

Joseph Pulitzer revolutionized the press in America and around the world, but before becoming a renowned US citizen, he lived in Hungary, the place where he was born in 1847. At the age of 17, he left Europe in search of greater opportunities and arrived in the US in 1864. Here, he went on to become a pioneering journalist and newspaper publisher, even giving his name to the prestigious awards honoring excellence in journalism and the arts.

General General 6 min read

COLORFUL COMPANIONS

From Uncle Sam To Toucan Sam, Here Are 10 Of The Most Iconic Mascots!

Image: Library of Congress

Some believe that the concept of mascots is outdated and that we don’t really need to have these cheerful and colorful ambassadors pop up in our daily lives. However, most Americans (us included) not only consider mascots to still be relevant, but we believe that they are heavily ingrained in our country’s pop culture and history. Some of these characters (many of them featured in this article) have been with us for our entire lives, teaching us about responsibility or simply entertaining us while we are enjoying a nice bowl of cereal. We have selected ten of the most iconic and cherished American mascots, in an effort to pay a well-deserved tribute to these amazing and timeless characters. Enjoy!

1
Tony the tiger

Image: Sten Ritterfeld

Tony the Tiger is a strong contender for the title of the world’s most famous cereal mascot: his go get 'em' attitude and amazing design have cemented him as a pop culture icon. Tony has been the quintessential mascot for Frosted Flakes since the 1950s, encouraging families to add this delicious cereal to their kids’ breakfast.

Curiously, Tony first appeared as part of a group of mascots that included characters like Katy the Kangaroo or Elmo the Elephant. However, this tiger’s immense popularity made him Frosted Flakes' sole representative. In due time, Tony’s family got bigger: the character now has a spouse called "Mrs. Tony" and two children, Antoinette and Tony Jr.

2
Ronald McDonald

Image: Erik Mclean

McDonald’s chooses to describe their iconic mascot and symbol, Ronald McDonald as "The Smile Known Around the World." This phrase perfectly summarizes this clown’s unbelievable popularity: McDonald’s claims that Ronald is only second to Santa Claus in terms of recognition and that virtually every schoolchild in America can immediately identify him.

In his 1963 television debut, Ronald McDonald’s appearance was quite different: these television spots featured a clown with yellow hair, striped yellow pants, and a McDonald’s cup on his nose. It wasn’t until 1966 that a real-life clown helped redesign the character, turning him into this instantly recognizable mascot.

3
Snap, Crackle, and Pop

Image: SqueakyMarmot from Vancouver, Canada, CC BY 2.0

Not many people know this, but the names of the three timeless Rice Krispies mascots actually come from a 1930s radio ad. At the time, Rice Krispies was advertised as "the talking cereal" and they promised to "merrily snap, crackle, and pop in a bowl of milk." A few years later, illustrator Vernon Grant took these onomatopoeic sounds to name the trio, calling them Snap, Crackle, and Pop.

Since their first appearance in 1933, these elf-like creatures have appeared in countless ads, often voiced by a myriad of talented actors that include names like Ben Schwartz, Tom Kenny, and Josh Brener.

4
Toucan Sam

Image: Necip Duman

As you might have noticed through their unusual spelling, Froot Loops are all about their loopy shape and the fun times that come with them. In that sense, this colorful breakfast cereal has an equally colorful representative: Toucan Sam, Froot Loops’ mascot since 1963.

Originally voiced by Hollywood legend Mel Blanc (responsible for voicing Bugs Bunny and Barney Rubble, among others), Toucan Sam has an extraordinary sense of smell, which helps him find Froot Loops from a great distance. Most Froot Loops ads end with Sam using his nose to locate a hidden bowl of cereal, before chanting his catchphrase "Follow your nose! It always knows!"

5
Phillie Phanatic

Image: Michael Stokes, CC BY 2.0

Few characters literally stand out as the Phillie Phanatic does. The moment you arrive at Citizens Bank Park to watch the amazing Philadelphia Phillies play, you will immediately notice this furry, green bird dancing somewhere in the stadium. Since 1978, this character has brought joy and treasured memories to countless Philadelphians.

Did you know that the Phanatic is a distant relative of the Muppets ? You would think his green fur made him a long-lost cousin of Kermit the Frog, but this relation comes from the fact that one of the Phanatic’s creators, Bonnie Erickson, also created the Muppets’ Miss Piggy and Statler & Waldorf.

6
Mr. Met

Image: Metropolitan Transportation Authority of the State of New York from United States of America, CC BY 2.0

We hope we don’t start any heated baseball debates by including this mascot, who many believe to be the very first Major League mascot to appear in human form. While Mr. Met first appeared as a cartoon character in programs, it was his 1964 introduction as a live costumed mascot that skyrocketed him to fame.

Although his design has varied over the years, Mr. Met is instantly recognizable through his striped Mets uniform and large baseball head. Soon after his inception, Mr. Met was given a female counterpart companion known as "Mrs. Met," who joins him in Citi Field to cheer on every New York Mets game.

7
Smokey the Bear

Image: Brian Wangenheim

Since 1944, Smokey the Bear has helped U.S. forests and landscapes with his prevention campaigns. Generations of American children have been inspired and encouraged by Smokey and his memorable catchphrase: "Only you can prevent wildfires!"

What’s interesting is that this iconic fictional bear inspired the name of a beloved real bear. In 1950, a three-month black bear cub was rescued from a massive wildfire in the Capitan Mountains in New Mexico. Although he was originally named "Hotfoot Teddy" by his rescuers, the cub was renamed "Smokey" after the fire safety mascot and was relocated to the National Zoo, where he grew up to become an American icon.

8
The California Raisins

Image: Syed F Hashemi

How did a 1986 commercial promoting the California Raisin Advisory Board end up becoming an Emmy-nominated, Billboard Hot 100-listed supergroup? Well, that’s the magic of the California Raisins at work. No one expected these anthropomorphized claymation raisins to be as popular as they were, and yet they went on to become the quintessential mascot for one of California’s most cherished agricultural products.

The Raisins were created by the advertising firm Foote, Cone & Belding. According to legend, one of the firm’s writers came up with the concept after saying "We have tried everything but dancing raisins singing 'I Heard It Through the Grapevine'." To everyone’s surprise, the Raisins' rendition of Marvin Gaye’s classic song became a massive success and paved the way for numerous other TV appearances, including a Saturday morning cartoon and a Christmas special.

9
McGruff the Crime Dog

Image: sydney Rae

In a medium already filled with exemplary TV detectives, McGruff the Crime Dog broke through the ranks and taught an entire generation of American children to "Take a bite out of crime!" Dressed in his iconic beige raincoat (reminiscent of the legendary Frank Columbo), this anthropomorphic hound was created by the National Crime Prevention Council in an effort to help prevent crime in America.

Over 40 years have passed since his national debut, but McGruff the Crime Dog still manages to do his part in increasing the safety of all Americans. This iconic character has appeared in national campaigns as recently as 2022, and will undoubtedly return whenever his country needs him.

10
Uncle Sam

Image: Steve Shook from Moscow, Idaho, USA, CC BY 2.0

We’ll end with what many believe to be the most iconic personification of the United States. While Uncle Sam is perhaps most known for the "I Want You" posters encouraging citizens to enlist in WWI, the truth is that the character is much older than that. In fact, his origins can’t be entirely traced, to the point that the birth of this iconic character is still shrouded in mystery.

Most historians agree that Uncle Sam first came into use during the War of 1812. According to this popular theory, the man who inspired this mascot was Samuel Wilson, a meatpacker from New York who supplied rations to the Army during the war. Apparently, many soldiers jokingly referred to the U.S. initials in their packages (that stood for "United States") as the initials for "Uncle Sam," unknowingly giving birth to this American legend.

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