History live
A 16-minute speech, 90 million people watching, and history going live
Image: Daenin
From Neil Armstrong stepping onto the moon to the Beatles’ first performance on national TV, some moments stopped the whole country in its tracks, and a few stopped the entire planet. From a boxing rematch watched by two billion people to a concert that reunited legends across two continents, these broadcasts became the backdrop of American life. Here are 10 of the most watched events and the stories behind them.
1
The moon landing - 650 million
The late 1960s had been a turbulent time, but on July 20, 1969, nearly everyone paused to look up at the same sky.
President Nixon watched from the White House as Apollo 11 prepared for its final descent, fulfilling a promise President Kennedy had made eight years earlier to land an American on the moon before the decade ended. When Neil Armstrong stepped onto the lunar surface and spoke his now-famous words , "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind," an estimated 650 million people across the globe were watching, including nearly 94 percent of American households with a television set. Streets emptied, businesses closed early, and strangers gathered around store windows just to catch a glimpse.
2
"Aloha from Hawaii via Satellite" - 1.5 billion
The early 1970s were a time of enormous change in America, with the country adjusting to a new decade and Elvis Presley reinventing himself as a global performer rather than just a multi-hyphenate star.
On January 14, 1973, he took the stage at the Honolulu International Center for a show unlike anything attempted before. Broadcast live by satellite to audiences across Asia and Oceania, and later shown across Europe, the concert was the first full-length performance by a solo artist ever beamed around the planet this way. Estimates at the time put the audience at over a billion viewers worldwide. NBC later trimmed the concert into a 90-minute special that aired stateside on April 4, and it went on to become the network's highest-rated program of that entire year.
3
The state funeral of John F. Kennedy - At least 180 million
The nation was still in shock in late November 1963, reeling from the tragic death of President Kennedy in Dallas just days earlier.
As the country tried to process the loss, all three television networks, ABC, CBS, and NBC, made the extraordinary decision to stay on the air nonstop, some for as long as 70 consecutive hours , to cover the tragedy and the funeral that followed. On November 25, Kennedy’s flag-draped casket was carried by horse-drawn caisson from the Capitol to St. Matthew’s Cathedral and finally to Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia. Nielsen estimated that 93 percent of American households with televisions were tuned in during the most watched moments, with at least 180 million viewers following the coverage around the world as a young John Jr. saluted his father’s casket, closing one of the darkest chapters of the nation’s history.
4
The Beatles on "Ed Sullivan"- 73 million
Just weeks after the country had said goodbye to President Kennedy, Americans were in need of something to lift their spirits again, and four young musicians from Liverpool arrived at exactly the right moment.
On February 9, 1964, John, Paul, George and Ringo took the stage on The Ed Sullivan Show for their first live performance on American soil. CBS had been flooded with requests for tickets, with even Walter Cronkite reportedly trying to snag one for his daughter. At 8 o’clock that Sunday night, roughly 73 million viewers, about 60 percent of all televisions in use that night, tuned in to watch. It remains one of the defining broadcasts in television history, and the night Beatlemania truly began in America.
5
Richard Nixon’s resignation speech - 90-110 million
The summer of 1974 had worn the country down, as the Watergate scandal dragged federal politics through months of hearings, leaked tapes, and mounting distrust.
Finally, on August 8, President Richard Nixon sat down at his Oval Office desk to address the nation one more time. In just 16 minutes, he announced he would resign the presidency effective the next day at noon, becoming the first American president in history to do so. Between 90 and 110 million viewers tuned in that night to hear him explain his decision, a staggering share of the population at the time. The following morning, Vice President Gerald Ford was sworn in, closing one of the most turbulent chapters in modern American politics.
6
The M
A
S
H finale - 106 million
The early 1980s brought a wave of nostalgia, as the country slowly climbed out of a tough recession and Ronald Reagan settled into his first term. Amidst it all, one weekly visit to a fictional Korean War hospital had become a Monday night ritual for millions of American families.
After 11 seasons, M A S H said goodbye on February 28, 1983, with a two and a half hour finale titled "Goodbye, Farewell, and Amen." Streets across the country emptied, and bars held watch parties, and the New York City water department later noticed a spike in usage the moment the credits rolled, as everyone waited to use the bathroom at once. An estimated 106 million viewers tuned in on CBS, a Nielsen record that still stands as the most-watched episode of a scripted series in American television history.
7
Live Aid - 1.9 billion
By 1985, images of famine in Ethiopia had been reaching American households through the nightly news for months, stirring a wave of concern across the country.
Months after the successful "Feed the World" and "We Are the World" charity singles for the same cause, musicians Bob Geldof and Midge Ure, from Ireland and Scotland respectively, decided just one concert alone wouldn’t be enough, so they organized something the world had never seen. On July 13, two stadiums an ocean apart, Wembley in London and JFK Stadium in Philadelphia , hosted dozens of the biggest names in music on the same day. Queen, U2, Madonna, Tina Turner, The Rolling Stones, Led Zeppelin, and Phil Collins, who famously played both shows thanks to a supersonic flight on the Concorde, took the stage before a combined crowd of well over 150,000. Nearly 1.9 billion viewers around the world watched the marathon broadcast, which helped raise more than 100 million dollars for famine relief.
8
The 1996 Summer Olympics opening ceremony - 3.5 billion
By the summer of 1996, Atlanta had spent years getting ready to host the world. Bill Clinton was in the White House, the economy was humming, and the country was in a celebratory mood as the Centennial Games kicked off in July 1996.
Inside Centennial Olympic Stadium, boxing legend Muhammad Ali, battling Parkinson’s, lit the torch with trembling hands, while Celine Dion and composer John Williams filled the night with music in front of 85,600 spectators. An estimated 3.5 billion people worldwide tuned in from home, making it one of the most watched broadcasts ever recorded.
9
The O.J. Simpson verdict - 150 million
By the fall of 1995, the country had spent more than a year gripped by a single courtroom drama playing out on cable news day after day. Few trials before or since have captured national attention quite like the murder case against O.J. Simpson, accused of killing his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her companion Ron Goldman.
On the morning of October 3, after less than four hours of jury deliberation, the verdict was finally set to be read. Schools paused classes, offices set up televisions in break rooms, and phone lines went quiet across the country as everybody waited. When Simpson was found not guilty on both counts, an estimated 150 million Americans, more than half the nation, were watching or listening live, making it one of the largest single audiences in American television history for a legal proceeding.
10
The funeral of Michael Jackson - 2.5 billion
The summer of 2009 found the country still shaking off a rough recession, and pop culture needed something to hold onto. That something arrived, tragically, on June 25, when Michael Jackson passed away at age 50 after an overdose of medication prescribed by his personal physician.
Twelve days later, on July 7, his memorial filled the Staples Center in Los Angeles. A total of 17,500 tickets were given away through a lottery that drew over a million requests in a single day. Inside, Stevie Wonder, Mariah Carey, and Jennifer Hudson performed, while his young daughter Paris gave an emotional tribute. Estimates suggest well over a billion people watched from around the globe, with the King of Pop’s farewell becoming one of the most talked-about broadcasts of the decade.
11
Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II - 2 billion
In 1978, the country was going through a rough patch, with President Carter navigating a shaky economy and gas prices creeping upward. Boxing fans, though, had their eyes fixed on New Orleans.
Seven months earlier, a young Leon Spinks had stunned the world by taking Muhammad Ali’s heavyweight crown in a split decision. On September 15, the two met again inside the Louisiana Superdome, where 63,350 fans packed in to watch a rematch live, the largest indoor crowd ever for a boxing match at the time. Ali fought a smarter, more controlled fight and reclaimed his title by unanimous decision, becoming the first three-time heavyweight champion in history. Around 90 million Americans watched on ABC, and roughly two billion people across some 80 countries followed the Battle of New Orleans as it happened.
