General General 3 min read

Would you pardon a turkey? In America, you can!

Image: Rafael Guajardo

The United States is a true melting pot of cultures, and from it have evolved countless traditions that are uniquely American. From quirky local festivities to nationally celebrated events, these customs are proof of the creativity and rich history that define our nation. Take a journey with us through 12 of the most distinctive traditions that make America truly one of a kind.

1
Super Bowl Sunday

Image: Caleb Woods

More than just a football game, the Super Bowl is a cultural phenomenon combining sports, entertainment, and food. Since its debut in 1967, the event has grown into a day-long spectacle featuring extravagant halftime shows, iconic commercials, and gatherings filled with buffalo wings and nachos, offering something for both diehard football fans and casual viewers alike.

2
Black Friday shopping

Image: freestocks

The day after Thanksgiving, shoppers race for deals in a retail frenzy, marking the traditional start of the Christmas shopping season. The busiest shopping day of the year in the United States, Black Friday originated in the 1950s when stores began slashing prices to kick off the holiday season, but it has since evolved into a major economic and cultural phenomenon.

3
Presidential Turkey Pardon

Image: Tyler Donaghy

Each Thanksgiving, the President pardons a turkey, sparing it from becoming dinner. This whimsical tradition began informally with Abraham Lincoln in 1863 and was made official by George H.W. Bush in 1989. It’s a lighthearted custom that adds a touch of humor to the holiday—and is certainly life-changing for the lucky turkey!

4
Groundhog Day

Image: Camerauthor Photos

Celebrated each February 2, Groundhog Day began in Pennsylvania in 1887 and is rooted in German folklore. Punxsutawney Phil, arguably the world's most famous groundhog, "predicts" an early spring or six more weeks of winter based on whether he sees his shadow upon emerging from his burrow.

5
New Year’s Eve Ball Drop

Image: James Genchi

Every December 31, Times Square in New York City transforms into the epicenter of New Year’s celebrations. A specially designed time ball descends a flagpole at the stroke of midnight, marking the start of the new year. This tradition, celebrated since 1907, draws thousands of revelers who come together to ring in the year with a shared sense of hope and renewal.

6
State Fairs

Image: Matthew Miner

State fairs originated in the 1800s to showcase various advancements in farming and agriculture. Today, they have evolved into family-friendly celebrations featuring fried foods, roller coasters, and livestock competitions. The Iowa State Fair, for example, is renowned for its intricate butter sculptures.

7
Mardi Gras in New Orleans

Image: Thomas Park

A blend of French, Spanish, and Creole traditions has created this vibrant celebration that attracts millions of visitors to New Orleans. Mardi Gras, meaning "Fat Tuesday," marks the final day of indulgence before Lent. Parades, masks, and beads are central to this centuries-old tradition, which has been embraced in Louisiana since the 18th century.

8
Alaska’s Iditarod

Image: Ugur Arpaci

A 1,000-mile sled dog race through the frosty landscapes of Alaska, the Iditarod is a grueling journey through one of America’s harshest regions. According to some sources, the race honors the 1925 serum run to Nome, when dog sled teams transported diphtheria medication that helped save lives. However, sled dog races have been held in the area since at least 1908.

9
Hometown parades

Image: Gene Gallin

Small towns across the U.S. host parades for nearly every holiday, from St. Patrick’s Day to Christmas. These events bring communities together with floats, marching bands, and festive pageantry. However, the Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade stands out as one of the largest and most iconic parades in the country.

10
The Kentucky Derby "Run for the Roses"

Image: Pietro Mattia

Held annually in Louisville, Kentucky, the Kentucky Derby is a long-standing tradition known for its pageantry. The "Run for the Roses" began in 1875, and it's not just about the race but the elaborate hats, luxury, and the signature mint julep cocktails. The event unites horse racing enthusiasts and Southern culture in an exciting spectacle.

11
Maine’s Lobster Festival

Image: April Walker

The Maine Lobster Festival, held annually in Rockland, is a seaside celebration of all things lobster. Honoring the state’s lobster industry, the festival features an all-you-can-eat feast, cooking contests, and live music. It serves as both a tribute to Maine’s maritime heritage and a recognition of the vital role lobster fishing plays in the local economy.

12
The Great Mississippi River Balloon Race

Image: Oleksii S

Every October in Natchez, Mississippi, a colorful spectacle unfolds as hot air balloons take to the skies above the Mississippi River. Known as the Great Mississippi River Balloon Race, this event has been a beloved state tradition since 1972. In addition to the breathtaking balloon displays, the festivities include live music, delicious local food, and a variety of family-friendly activities, making it a fun celebration for both locals and visitors.

Geography Geography 4 min read

Before GPS: Clever tricks Americans used to navigate the open road

Image: T.H. Chia

Image: T.H. Chia

Before smartphones and GPS started telling us where to turn, getting across the country required a little planning and a few clever tricks to remember the route. Travelers relied on paper maps, strangers on the road, and even public phone booths to stay on course. If your destination ever depended on the directions of a stranger, you’ll probably enjoy remembering a few of these clever tricks!

1
The MapQuest printout ritual

Image: José Martín Ramírez Carrasco

For many travelers, the trip really began here: sitting at the computer just minutes before leaving and printing turn-by-turn directions from MapQuest. The printed pages listed every step of the route, including the distance between each turn. This method was probably the one that marked the transition from traditional paper navigation to modern GPS systems.

2
Free maps at gas stations

Image: Jean-christophe Gougeon

Back in the 1920s, advertising executive William Akin came up with an idea to promote the new Gulf Refining Company gas stations. At the time, drivers still had to buy gasoline in five-gallon containers because service stations were uncommon. Akin proposed distributing free local maps in each area where these Gulf stations were located.

The idea spread quickly, and other gas companies soon adopted the same strategy. Over time, gas stations became natural stops for travelers, and many stations eventually began selling maps instead of giving them away.

3
The American Automobile Association Trip Triks

Image: Mike Mozart

No way you forgot this one! If you were a member of the American Automobile Association, you had access to Trip Triks: spiral-bound booklets customized for each traveler’s route. AAA staff highlighted the exact path on the map, marking gas stations, hotels, and attractions along the way.

4
Lost? Find a phone booth

Image: jerry chen

Lost in the big city? Step into a phone booth. Back then, many phone booths had maps inside showing nearby streets and landmarks. If you were lost, all you had to do was step inside, and within a few minutes, the problem was solved. The good news was that big cities had a phone booth on almost every major corner and intersection, so if the one you stopped by was already taken, you only had to walk a few steps to find another.

5
The thick book that lived in every car

Image: Bromley Atlases

The city street atlas. One of the best companions for drivers, if not the very best. These thick books showed detailed maps of entire cities, page by page. If you spotted a street sign but had no idea where you were, you could look up that street in the atlas index. It would point you to the exact page and grid where the street appeared, helping you figure out your next move. Do you remember flipping through a street atlas to find your way across a city?

6
Asking locals for directions

Image: Deva Darshan

Following directions back then required a bit of blind faith. You might hear something like, "Drive a few miles and turn left when you see the church," or "After the green restaurant, take the second road on the right." In rural areas, where road signs were scarce, a local’s guidance was often the best map you could get. Sometimes those directions were the only way to find a place that didn’t appear on any map. Have you ever followed directions like these and hoped for the best?

7
The co-pilot seat

Image: Xia Hua

This trick required teamwork. If you weren’t traveling alone, one passenger was usually designated as the "navigator." Their role? Reading the map, watching for road signs, and warning the driver about upcoming turns. A good navigator also had to learn the driver’s rhythm: when to speak up, when to stay quiet, and how quickly directions needed to be given. The best driver–navigator pairs worked together almost like Batman and Robin.

8
The Rand McNally Road Atlas

Image: GeoJango Maps

The Rand McNally Road Atlas is one of the most iconic travel tools in American road trip history. The atlas includes detailed maps of every state, showing highways, towns, and points of interest across the United States. For decades, it was a common sight in glove compartments and truck cabins, guiding travelers from city to city. Unlike digital navigation, the atlas allowed drivers to see the entire route and explore alternative roads along the way. Even today, many travelers still keep one as a backup option when cell service or GPS fails.

9
Following highway numbers

Image: Anne Nygård

During the era of long road trips, drivers didn’t worry much about street names. Instead, they followed highway numbers. If you got on the right road, like Route 66 or U.S. Route 1, you could relax and stay on it for miles and miles, sometimes across several states. As long as the number on the signs stayed the same, you knew you were still on the right path. This approach later helped inspire the Interstate Highway System, which made traveling across the country even easier.

10
The church, the bridge, the water tower

Image: Anders Jildén

Here's one of the classic road trip tricks: remembering landmarks along the road. This method required both memory and self-trust. Instead of coordinates or exact addresses, travelers remembered particular spots. They learned to look for things that stood out, like churches, bridges, water towers, or unusual buildings. When you reached the right one, you knew when it was time to turn. What landmarks did you rely on the most?

General General 4 min read

Not just 12 angry men

Do you remember how jury duty works?

Image: Saúl Bucio

Jury duty is a cornerstone of the American legal system, rooted in the Constitution and designed to ensure fair trials. While the process may seem complex, it follows a clear structure used across federal and state courts. From selection to deliberation, each step helps guarantee impartial justice. How much do you know about how jury duty works? Read on.

1
Jurors are selected at random

Image: Christopher Burns

Courts select potential jurors randomly from public records like voter registrations and driver’s license databases . This system helps ensure juries reflect a fair cross-section of the community.

Random selection has been standard practice for decades, helping prevent bias in the legal system. Federal courts began expanding source lists following the passage of the Jury Selection and Service Act of 1968 to improve diversity and representativeness.

2
You receive an official summons

Image: cin .

If chosen, you’ll receive a jury summons by mail with instructions on when and where to report. It typically comes from a local, state, or federal court.

The summons is a legal document. Failing to respond can lead to fines or penalties , although courts often allow postponements for valid reasons like work or medical issues.

3
You must complete a qualification questionnaire

Image: Unseen Studio

Before serving, most courts require you to fill out a questionnaire about your age, citizenship, job, and background . This helps determine eligibility.

Federal law generally requires jurors to be U.S. citizens, at least 18 years old, and able to understand English. Certain criminal convictions or hardships may disqualify you.

4
Eligible people form a jury pool

Image: Pete Alexopoulos

Those who qualify become part of a jury pool, also called a "venire." This group is the starting point for selecting jurors for individual trials.

The size of a jury pool varies depending on the court and case . Large trials may require dozens of potential jurors to ensure enough qualified candidates remain.

5
Jurors are called into court when needed

Image: Erik Mclean

From the larger pool, smaller groups are summoned to courtrooms when trials are ready to begin . Not everyone in the pool will end up serving.

Some people may wait hours or even days without being assigned to a case. If not selected, they are usually dismissed after their service period ends.

6
Lawyers and judges question potential jurors

Image: Benjamin Brunner

In a process called "voir dire," attorneys and judges ask questions to identify bias, conflicts, or interests . This step ensures fairness in the trial.

Questions may cover personal experiences, opinions, or knowledge about the case. The goal is to select jurors who can remain impartial and follow the law.

7
Some jurors are dismissed during selection

Image: Sasun Bughdaryan

Potential jurors can be removed "for cause" if they show bias or hardship . Lawyers can also use a limited number of peremptory challenges.

Peremptory challenges allow attorneys to dismiss jurors without giving a reason, though they cannot be used for discrimination based on race or gender.

8
A final jury is chosen

Image: Melody Ayres-Griffiths

After questioning, a final group is selected. Criminal trials usually have 12 jurors, while civil cases often use 6 to 12 , depending on the court.

Alternate jurors may also be chosen in case someone cannot continue. These alternates listen to the trial but only deliberate if needed.

9
There are different types of juries

Image: Timon Studler

The most common is the petit jury, which decides trial outcomes. A grand jury, by contrast, determines whether enough evidence exists to file charges.

Grand juries are typically larger, often with 16 to 23 members , and are used mainly in federal cases and some state systems.

10
Jurors listen to the evidence and testimony

Image: Dámaris Azócar

During the trial, jurors hear witness testimony, examine evidence, and listen to arguments from both sides . They must follow the judge’s legal instructions.

Jurors are not allowed to research the case or discuss it outside of the courtroom. This rule ensures decisions are based only on evidence presented in the courtroom.

11
Jurors deliberate privately

Image: Mapbox

After the trial ends, jurors meet in a private room to discuss the case and reach a verdict. These discussions are confidential.

In criminal cases, the verdict often must be unanimous. Deliberations can take hours or even days, depending on the complexity of the case.

12
Serving is a civic duty, required by law

Image: Jimmy Woo

Jury duty is a legal obligation and a key part of the American democracy. It allows citizens to participate in the justice system directly.

Citizens are generally summoned for jury duty every one to four years, depending on the jurisdiction, though federal court service typically requires only one appearance every two years. If you serve on a trial, you are often exempt from serving again for at least 3 years. Summoning frequency is generally determined by lists from local, state, or federal courts.

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