Geography Geography 3 min read

Waving wild

Why does Oregon have a design on the back of its flag? Find out here!

Image: Mathew Schwartz

Every state has its own symbols, and among them, those related to wildlife are often in the spotlight. From tiny bees or birds to huge bears and bison, our state flags display an amazing variety of creatures. But why were they chosen? Let’s find out!

1
Beaver – Oregon (reverse)

Image: Makaristos, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

As you’d expect from the Beaver State, this rodent appears on Oregon’s flag. The thing is, you just can’t see it here because it’s on the reverse side! That’s right, Oregon is the only state with designs on both sides of the flag. But why that animal? In the 19th century, the beaver fur trade played a key role in Oregon’s economic growth, forever linking this clever creature to the state’s identity.

2
Bear – California

Image: Drei Kubik

When you think of grizzly bears, California is probably the first state that comes to mind, and for good reason. Its flag is one of the most recognizable in the country. Grizzlies once roamed the region, and although they’re now extinct in the state, the animal lives on as a symbol. Back in the 1840s, American settlers pushing for independence from Mexico raised a flag with a grizzly and a star to mark their revolution. The design has evolved since then, but the iconic bear remains!

3
Bison – Wyoming

Image: Tony Webster, CC BY 2.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

As one of the few places where American bison have roamed freely for centuries, it’s no surprise that this animal was chosen to represent the state of Wyoming. At the center of its flag, the white silhouette of the bison (often called a buffalo) features Wyoming’s coat of arms, which honors the state's key industries: livestock, mining, grain, and oil.

4
Bees – Utah

Image: JohnnyAstros, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

The new Utah flag, adopted in 2024, has a peculiar and modern design. The main characters in this story are none other than bees. Or, actually, a beehive, which was chosen to symbolize community, cooperation, and the hard work that reflects Utah’s industrial spirit.

5
Badger – Wisconsin

Image: Kenneth C. Zirkel, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

See that small yellow-and-brown figure above the shield on Wisconsin’s flag? Although many people don't notice it, that’s a badger, the state animal. But why a badger? Back in the 1800s, the first lead miners who worked in southern Wisconsin used to live in hillside tunnels during the winter, which resembled badger burrows. These workers were the first to be given the nickname, which was later transferred to the state.

6
Deer and cow- Vermont

Image: Tablelegs6, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons

The Vermont flag has plenty to see, but the most striking feature is the deer head that tops the shield. With deer abundant throughout the state, it was chosen to represent all of Vermont’s wildlife. But what about the cow? Tucked inside the shield, this small figure symbolizes the state’s dairy and agricultural industry.

7
Horse – New Jersey

Image: Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

As part of the state coat of arms, a horse appears atop the beautiful New Jersey state flag. As in many other regions, horses were vital to New Jersey’s colonial economy, playing a key role in agriculture. For that reason, in 1777, the coat of arms’ designer placed the horse at the top, symbolizing both strength and the speed of the state’s growth. On both sides of the shield are two women: Liberty and Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture, honoring the state motto, "Liberty and prosperity."

8
Moose/Elk – Michigan

Image: Tony Webster, CC BY 2.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons

A moose and an elk seem like great choices for offering support, don’t they? That’s exactly what the designers of Michigan’s flag and coat of arms thought. These two majestic animals appear standing on their hind legs, as if holding up the shield. Both native to the state, they symbolize Michigan’s abundant wildlife and natural resources.

9
Pelican – Louisiana

Image: Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Although the pelican on Louisiana’s state flag is white, its actual name is "brown pelican", a species that abounds along the state’s coast. On both the flag and the coat of arms, the bird is shown wounding itself to feed its young; a strong symbol of devotion and sacrifice that reflects Louisiana’s motto: "Union, Justice, and Confidence."

10
Bald Eagle – Many

Image: Alexas_Fotos

We saved the unmistakable bald eagle for last. Native to North America, this majestic bird has become a symbol of the United States, representing strength, courage, freedom, and longevity. But the eagle isn’t just on the national coat of arms; it also appears on many state seals and flags, including Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Missouri, New York, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Utah’s historic flag.

History History 4 min read

Which ad do you remember?

From Nike to Dove: Discover the stories behind 12 iconic ads

Image: Shreesha bhat

Some ads are so catchy, clever, or downright bold that they become part of American culture. From slogans we still repeat to jingles we can’t forget, the best campaigns leave a lasting impression. Take a look at the stories behind 12 of these iconic pieces. Which one do you remember most?

1
Pepsi: "Is Pepsi OK?"

Image: NIKHIL

If you’ve ever asked for a Coke and heard, "Is Pepsi OK?", you’re not alone—it’s a common scenario that has become a cultural cliché. In 2019, Pepsi embraced that moment and turned it into an ad campaign.

Featuring celebrities, the ads leaned into the joke and confidently rebranded Pepsi as more than just "OK."

2
Westinghouse: "We Can Do It!"

Image: Nayani Teixeira

Westinghouse Electric’s We Can Do It! poster, created during World War II to boost morale among female workers , later became a symbol of female empowerment in the 1970s.

Initially unrelated to the Rosie the Riveter character, the poster eventually gained widespread use in advertisements and pop culture, celebrating women’s strength and independence.

3
Pan-American Coffee Bureau: "Give yourself a coffee break!"

Image: Jakub Dziubak

In the 1950s, the Pan-American Coffee Bureau popularized the concept of the "coffee break" with a campaign that encouraged workers to relax while drinking the popular beverage .

By the 1960s, coffee breaks had become so essential that the United Auto Workers union demanded them in their contracts, even threatening a strike if they were not included.

4
Marlboro: The Marlboro Man

Image: Brendan Stephens

Created in 1954, the Marlboro Man transformed Marlboro from a women’s cigarette into a symbol of rugged masculinity . The iconic cowboy became so recognizable that by the late '90s, nearly 90% of schoolchildren knew him.

The character was retired in 1998 as part of a tobacco industry settlement that banned the use of human and cartoon figures in advertisements.

5
Ad Council: "Friends don't let friends drive drunk."

Image: Aedrian Salazar

Launched in 1983, the "Friends Don’t Let Friends Drive Drunk" PSA became a cultural milestone, directly addressing the widespread problem of drunk driving .

At the time, alcohol was involved in roughly half of all car crash fatalities. The campaign played a key role in shifting public attitudes and helped reduce that number to around 31% in the decades that followed.

6
Levi Strauss & Co.: "A Guide to Casual Businesswear"

Image: Varun Gaba

In the 1980s, "Casual Fridays" gained popularity , but many companies quickly regretted the trend as employees began showing up in overly casual or sloppy attire. In 1992, Levi Strauss & Co. capitalized on the situation by releasing A Guide to Casual Businesswear , promoting its Dockers and Levi’s brands as polished, workplace-appropriate options.

By 1995, Levi’s reported record sales of $6.2 billion, helping to redefine "business casual" and promoting a more professional yet relaxed dress code in the workplace.

7
Snickers: "You’re Not You When You’re Hungry"

Image: Shyam Mishra

Snickers’ Super Bowl ad featuring Betty White, in which hunger causes a man to momentarily "become" her during a football game , became an instant hit and introduced the now-iconic tagline: "You’re Not You When You’re Hungry."

The campaign's humor and relatable message made it highly successful, with the concept evolving over the years through new scenarios and celebrities.

8
KFC: "FCK"

Image: Aleks Dorohovich

During a 2018 chicken shortage , KFC used humor to manage the crisis with a bold ad that featured an empty bucket and the letters "FCK" in place of its logo .

This self-aware and cheeky approach helped diffuse customer frustration and strengthened the brand’s connection with its audience through honesty and wit.

9
Pepsi: "Pepsi Challenge"

Image: NIKHIL

Pepsi’s second entry on this list is the iconic "Pepsi Challenge," a blind taste-test campaign that invited consumers to compare Pepsi and Coca-Cola .

By focusing on taste and showing that many participants preferred Pepsi, the campaign successfully shifted public perception and boosted brand loyalty during the fiercely competitive "Cola Wars" of the 1980s.

10
Nike: "Just Do It"

Image: wuyi

Launched in 1988, Nike’s "Just Do It" campaign featured athletes like 80-year-old marathoner Walt Stack to inspire people from all walks of life to take action.

The slogan quickly resonated with audiences, sparking countless personal stories of bold choices and perseverance. It has since become one of the most enduring and recognizable taglines in advertising history.

11
California Milk Processor Board: "Got Milk?"

Image: engin akyurt

Launched in 1993, the legendary "Got Milk?" campaign emphasized the importance of milk through a study showing how people felt when they ran out .

With its clever use of celebrity endorsements and pop culture references, the campaign ran for over two decades and produced hundreds of memorable ads nationwide, cementing its place as one of the most influential marketing successes in advertising history.

12
Dove: "Real Beauty"

Image: Matthew Tkocz

Launched in 2004, Dove’s "Real Beauty" campaign aimed to boost self-confidence by challenging traditional beauty standards.

Featuring real women instead of professional models , the campaign focused on diversity, aging, and natural imperfections, promoting a more inclusive and empowering definition of beauty.

History History 5 min read

Achieving the unachievable, one step at a time

Did you know these 10 legendary American athletic feats?

Image: Renith R

Humans are capable of extraordinary deeds in the physical world, and quite a few of them have taken place in public. From an individual who decided to run 50 marathons in 50 consecutive days to another who climbed a rock wall 3,000 feet high with no ropes or safety equipment of any kind, history is filled with amazing feats accomplished by remarkable people. And, as it happens, quite a few of them are American citizens. Do you know these ten?

1
2008 Beijing Olympic Games - Michael Phelps

Image: Thomas Park

Winning a gold medal in the Olympic Games is, by itself, a huge achievement and a dream come true for any elite athlete. Repeating this feat is something that very few have achieved, and doing so has elevated these individuals to legendary status.

Now, imagine winning not one, not two, but eight gold medals in a single edition of the Olympic Games . This unimaginable feat was accomplished by the now-famous swimmer Michael Phelps. This remains the greatest individual achievement in one edition of the Olympic Games by any Team USA athlete.

2
1936 Munich Olympic Games - Jesse Owens

Image: Braden Collum

Another legendary Olympic moment took place many years before Michael Phelps was even born, when Jesse Owens, a Black athlete, won four gold medals in the 1936 Munich Olympic Games.

Despite competing on very controversial ground at the time, Owens blazed his way to Olympic glory and secured his place in the pantheon of the greatest American athletes.

3
Cuba to Florida Swim - Diana Nyad

Image: Matt Hardy

If you see the distance between Miami and Havana on a map, it doesn’t seem all that far. That is until you start approaching and realize that there are 110 miles between these two places. Believe it or not, this journey has been swum three times. The first two crossings involved a shark cage and several short rests.

The third person to achieve this milestone was Diana Nyad, who completed the swim on her fifth attempt at age 64 in 2013 . Nyad used a protective jellyfish suit, shark divers, and electronic shark-repellent devices to achieve an "unassisted" swim.

4
50 Marathons in 50 Days

Image: Pietro Rampazzo

Running a marathon is an impressive feat of endurance and strength for almost any human being. Running two marathons in two consecutive days is nearly impossible for anyone. Now, imagine running 50 marathons across 50 American states in 50 consecutive days.

That incredible accomplishment was achieved by Los Angeles native Dean Karnazes , beginning with the Lewis and Clark Marathon in St. Louis on September 17, 2006 , and finishing with the New York City Marathon on November 5 . A bit too much, maybe?

5
1968 Mexico City Olympic Games - Bob Beamon

Image: Gabriel Sanchez

On the rarest of occasions, humans are capable of physical achievements that defy what the human body is capable of doing. During the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, Bob Beamon broke the world record for men’slong jump with an incredible jump of 29 feet, 2.25 inches . Yes, that is almost 30 feet.

There was a delay in posting the distance, and Beamon didn’t know what the metric figure that finally appeared on the board equated to in feet and inches. When a teammate told him he had jumped over 29 feet, he collapsed on the track from the realization of what he had accomplished.

6
2017 Australian US Open - Serena Williams

Image: Kelly Sikkema

Winning a world tennis championship is a significant achievement for any tennis player. That is, unless you are a tennis player so accomplished that winning these tournaments is as regular as anything. The list of people who do that is very short, and the names on it are all very well known.

One of those names is, without a doubt, Serena Williams. Possibly the greatest female tennis player ever, she won the 2017 Australian Open . This fact alone may not seem out of place for such an athlete. But what sets it apart is the fact that she did so while pregnant .

7
17 minutes without breathing - David Blaine

Image: Jakob Owens

How long can you hold your breath underwater? Trained individuals can achieve very impressive results in this field, but one feat that stands out is the one accomplished by American illusionist David Blaine, who, on September 8, 2008, set a world record for static apnoea, by holding his breath underwater inside a tank for 17 minutes and 4.5 seconds.

Blaine is best known for his high-profile feats of endurance and has set and broken several world records. These include standing for 35 hours on a 100-foot-high pillar only 22 inches wide in 2002 and sitting in a clear Perspex box for 44 days in 2003 without eating and drinking only water.

8
900 spin - Tony Hawk

Image: Devin Avery

In the world of skating, a 360 is the name given to a stunt performed by executing a mid-air spin on the board. This is a complicated trick, achieved only by very experienced skaters. A 720 is a stunt performed by doing not one, but two mid-air spins on the board. As one can imagine, this is exponentially more difficult than a 360, and very few people can pull off this stunt.

Now, if we mention a 900, you might guess where we are going. This involves not one, not two, but two and a half mid-air spins on the board. This insanely difficult stunt was first performed (at least publicly) by Tony Hawk, the skateboard champion, at the 1999 X Games, cementing his status as a skateboarding legend.

9
2008 U.S. Open - Tiger Woods

Image: Will Porada

Tiger Woods is a familiar name in the sports world. He has won 14 major golf championships and achieved a level of superstardom seldom seen in the game. However, the one we are choosing to highlight today displays an extraordinary amount of tolerance to pain in the face of competition.

During the 2008 U.S. Open, he played a total of 91 holes with a torn ACL and double stress fractures in his left leg . With a course set up to give players the toughest test of golf imaginable, the U.S. Open is hard enough as it is. Add in debilitating leg injuries, plus 19 extra holes (thanks to a playoff with Rocco Mediate), and you have one of the greatest showings of pain tolerance in the history of tournament golf.

10
El Capitan Free Solo Climb - Alex Honnold

Image: Jessica Tuttle

Imagine climbing a huge stone wall approximately 3,000 feet high in less than four hours. Now imagine doing that, without any kind of ropes or safety equipment. That is exactly what Alex Honnold did on June 3, 2017, when he made the first-ever free solo ascent of El Capitan by completing Alex Huber's 2,900-foot big wall route, Freerider, in 3 hours and 56 minutes.

The climb, described as "one of the great athletic feats of any kind, ever," was documented by climber and photographer Jimmy Chin and documentary filmmaker E. Chai Vasarhelyi, as the subject of the documentary Free Solo which, among other awards, won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2018.

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