General General 4 min read

Presidents and protocols

Why do presidents have to buy their own gifts? The reason behind

Image: Jorge Alcala

Once someone becomes president, even the simplest daily habits are no longer simple. Protocols start to overcome routines, wills, and even family responsibilities. Let’s find out what rules presidents in office must follow — and some notable exceptions.

1
Skip Air Force One

Image: Getty Images

Beyond the wishes of any president, flying on a commercial airline is completely forbidden under any circumstances. Due to security concerns, Air Force One is meant to be the only way a president can travel by air. But there is actually a historic exception in this matter. In 1973, during the oil crisis, Richard Nixon flew on a regular United Airlines flight to California . The trip was meant to show support for energy-saving efforts nationwide.

2
Break the two-term rule

Image: Ronda Darby

Did you know that before Franklin D. Roosevelt, presidents were not limited to two terms? They mostly followed a tradition started by George Washington, the first US president in 1789, who decided to step down after his second term. It wasn’t until the 22nd Amendment in 1951 that two terms became the official legal limit to moderate the accumulation of power in one person.

Roosevelt, who was president from 1933 to 1945 , was the only president to break that tradition because of the country's exceptional situation: During the Great Depression and World War II, many Americans wanted solid leadership. He ended up winning four elections, but died of a stroke in 1945 during his fourth term.

3
Take diplomatic gifts home

Image: Jeremy Thompson from Los Angeles, California

Presidents have to buy their own gifts? Truth is, they can receive gifts from foreign leaders, but they cannot always keep them as personal presents. If a gift is expensive enough to go over the government’s "minimal value" limit, it is treated as a gift to the American people. From there, the White House Gift Unit helps decide what happens to it. In fact, the president or First Lady can still keep the gift, but only if they buy it at fair market value. This rule exists so that a diplomatic gift does not appear to be a personal favor.

4
Own their official speeches

Image: Zoshua Colah

A president can stand at a podium and deliver a speech heard around the world, but that does not mean he is the private author of those words. Under U.S. copyright law, official presidential speeches are usually considered part of the public record because they are part of the job. That means people can quote them, share them, and reuse them more freely than a normal copyrighted text. You could say that the speech belongs less to the president and more to the country.

5
Enjoy a simple breeze

Image: Tabrez Syed

Picture the president’s reaction on his first day of office when he is advised that he is prohibited from opening windows. The White House and presidential vehicles keep their windows sealed to prevent the president from being attacked.

Michelle Obama once shared that there was one small break from those strict rules . During a short drive to Camp David, her Secret Service agent allowed her to open the car windows for a few minutes. She later described it as a feeling of normal people's luxury.

6
Block followers from official pages

Image: camilo jimenez

What about the president’s digital life? Technology advances quickly, and presidential security must keep up; presidents cannot simply use personal social media without being monitored. In 2018, a federal judge ruled that a president cannot block people from official social media spaces, because those accounts can be treated as public forums. So even online, presidents have some restrictions to follow.

7
Hit the road by themselves

Image: edward stojakovic from chicago, United States

While in office, presidents and vice presidents are not allowed to drive on open roads. What’s more, the Secret Service must control their transportation in real time . There are some exceptions, though: inside personal properties, and in places like Camp David, they can drive, walk, and even ride a bike.

8
Throw away their own papers

Image: Donghun Shin

Presidents also cannot treat their office like a normal workspace. Under the Presidential Records Act, letters, notes, and emails may count as official records. That means presidents are discouraged from simply cleaning up or throwing mail away on their own. Instead, White House staff must sort everything carefully first, so no important piece of history ends up in the trash by accident.

9
Join normal family outings

Image: YiChuan Li

Imagine the scene of the president casually arriving at his child’s school one morning. As we would assume, there are security restrictions that prevent presidents from attending a child or grandchild's concert or sporting event. These restrictions affect the entire First Family, but they also keep everyday situations from turning chaotic.

10
Scroll through a normal inbox

Image: Brett Jordan

Even the president’s inbox has personal security. People can send a message to the president online, but it does not go straight to a personal email account; it actually goes through the official White House contact form first. Then staff members read it, sort it, and decide where it should go. Since presidential emails can become part of the public record, they must be saved and handled carefully.

Geography Geography 5 min read

What are they actually named?

Is it not the Statue of Liberty? 10 alternate names of iconic landmarks

Image: Cayetano Gil

All across America, we can find iconic landmarks known by everyone, at least by name . But, which name? Like people, some of these landmarks have a nickname so used that many often forget what they are officially called. In other cases, the official name coexists with an ancestral name. Here are ten examples of double-named landmarks!

1
Mt. McKinley/Denali

Image: Jacob Vizek

This Alaskan mountain has changed names several times. Historically called Denali (meaning ‘the big one’) by the Koyukon Athabaskan tribe, it was referred to as Bolshaya Gora (‘big mountain’) by the Russians. After the Alaska purchase, it was temporarily named Densmore's Mountain before gaining the name McKinley in support of the then-presidential candidate. It was renamed Denali in the 1970s at the state level and in 2015 at the federal level, before reverting to McKinley in 2024, although Denali is still the name of the National park that houses it . With this many changes, it’s no wonder some people still mix the names.

2
Liberty Enlightening the World/The Statue of Liberty

Image: Pierre Blaché

This statue is one of the indisputable icons of the USA and of New York City, but not everyone knows that ‘The Statue of Liberty’ is just a popular name. As a gift from France, it was named La Liberté éclairant le monde , or ‘Liberty Enlightening the World’ , but no matter what it’s called, it has become an iconic symbol of American values.

3
Alcatraz Island/The Rock

Image: Shelby Cohron

One of the most infamous American prisons, Alcatraz Island, is located less than two miles from the San Francisco coast. Spanish explorer Juan Manuel de Ayala named it Isla de los Alcatraces or Island of the Pelicans due to the prevalence of these birds. After becoming U.S. territory, Alcatraz Island became a military fort, and then a federal prison that housed some of America’s most notorious criminals. While many believe that it's popularly called The Rock because it was impossible to escape, the nickname is simply due to its rocky appearance and its isolated location.

4
Mt. Rainier/Tahoma

Image: Greg Sellentin

Located in the Mount Rainier National Park, Washington, Mt. Rainier is the tallest mountain (and volcano) in the Cascade Range. Native American tribes of the area have given numerous names to this peak, but the most prominent one is Tahoma or Tacoma , a name still used by some. Officially, however, it is called Mt. Rainier , a name given by the British explorer George Vancouver in the 1790s.

5
Lake Superior/Gitche Gumee

Image: Brian Beckwith

The largest of the Great Lakes, Lake Superior, is one of the biggest freshwater reserves in the world. Its current name originated when French explorers, after traversing Lake Huron, called this lake le lac supérieur (‘the lake above’). After the French and Indian War, the British simply translated the name. However, this lake also has a native name, usually transliterated as Gitche Gumee, a name used by the poet Longfellow in his work The Song of Hiawatha .

6
Mt. Rushmore/The Six Grandfathers

Image: Jake Leonard

This mountain has been considered a sacred place by many tribes of the region —such as the Arapaho, Cheyenne, or Lakota Sioux— who named it ‘The Six Grandfathers’ after their ancestral deities . The place gained its current name when Charles E. Rushmore, a lawyer surveilling the area as a representative of a mining company, asked the name of the mountain. His guide replied that it had no name, but it would from that day be called ‘Rushmore’. The name stuck, and was officially recognized a few decades later.

7
Mission San Antonio de Valero/The Alamo

Image: Gabriel Tovar

The battle of the Alamo is a well-known episode in Texan history, and its location is considered a shrine to Texan valor and liberty. However, what many don’t know is that the place is called Mission San Antonio de Valero , a name given by the Spanish. Where does the ‘Alamo’ name come from? After the place stopped being used as a Catholic mission, it became a military fortress, housing a military unit nicknamed Álamo de Parras after their city of origin, a nickname that extended to the site.

8
Cloud Gate/The Bean

Image: Lance Anderson

Chicago regulars (and even those who never set foot in Chicago) know that The Bean is as iconic as it gets when talking about the city. Inspired by liquid mercury, this impressive sculpture might be shaped like a ginormous jellybean, but its official name is Cloud Gate . The sculptor, Anish Kapoor, initially disliked the popular nickname, but he has reportedly come to terms with it, even saying that he now calls it ‘the Bean’ too.

9
State House Bell/Liberty Bell

Image: Bev Sykes from Davis, CA, USA, CC BY 2.0 , via Wikimedia Commons

At its birth, this bell was simply the bell of the Pennsylvania State House (now Independence Hall). Cast in the 18th century, it cracked the first time it was rung. It was recast twice, but it cracked again in the 19th century. Allegedly rung after the Declaration of Independence, it was hidden during the Revolutionary War, and it changed hands several times in the following century. Despite its popular association with the American Revolution, the ‘Liberty Bell’ name was actually given by anti-slavery groups , who took it as a symbol due to its inscription reading "Proclaim Liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof."

10
Cape Canaveral/Cape Kennedy

Image: Bill Jelen

Originally named Cabo Cañaveral by the Spanish after its abundance of canes, its name was simply anglicized after the territory became part of the United States. In the 20th century, Cape Canaveral became the center of a series of missile and rocket tests, and it was the launch site of the Apollo 11 mission. A few days after J.F.K.’s assassination, the newly-instated President Johnson publicly announced that the cape would be renamed ‘Cape Kennedy’ as a memorial . The name change was not well-received by local Floridians, and the original name was reinstated a decade later, with the full support of the Kennedy family. The NASA space center is still named after President Kennedy.

General General 4 min read

Your wallet will thank you

Everybody should know these 10 tips before buying something these days

Image: Avery Evans

It’s no secret that spending more money than planned is easy when shopping. Businesses use a myriad of methods to lure you into buying things you don’t really intend to—and paying the highest possible price in the process. Luckily for us, technology comes to our aid, offering many tools to help us save money, make better decisions, and secure our wallets. Take a look at the following tips and see if you can adopt one in your daily life.

1
Check the reviews

Image: Sergey Zolkin

When considering a purchase, browse the internet for reviews from other buyers. Simply type the item’s name followed by the word "reviews" in a search engine , and you’ll likely be flooded with websites that compile consumer opinions on the stuff they buy.

While fake reviews exist, they’re usually easy to spot. Focus on the negative reviews, as you probably already know the positive aspects of the product you’re researching.

2
Compare prices

Image: Aaron Lefler

Comparing prices has never been easier since the advent of the World Wide Web. (In fact, most of the items on this list have become significantly simpler thanks to the Internet!) Best of all, anyone can do it in multiple ways.

Many specialized websites compare prices for specific items , such as smartphones, but you can also check different retailers yourself to find the best deal. Always compare prices, even if an item is "on sale"—you might still find it cheaper elsewhere.

3
Check the details

Image: Nick Morrison

This one’s a no-brainer: always read the full description of products sold online carefully . Make sure the size, materials, and user guide align with the purpose you’re buying it for.

It’s not uncommon for people to purchase an item without checking the fine print, only to realize later that the product doesn’t fit the purpose it was intended for.

4
Beware of scams

Image: Zanyar Ibrahim

A downside of the online world is the proliferation of scams everywhere. Be extremely cautious when sharing personal or financial information online, especially if the website isn’t well-known or reputable. Scam websites and phishing emails often contain odd phrasing, spelling mistakes, or poor translations.

5
New is not necessarily better

Image: Suansita K

While some things are best bought new, many products can be purchased used, allowing you to save money without sacrificing quality—sometimes, it’s even the better option. Consider buying a used item from a local seller, a friend, or even a friend of a friend .

Manufacturers also sell refurbished products directly to consumers. These items have been repaired by the manufacturer and, in most cases, come with a product warranty. Be sure to ask all necessary questions and only buy if you’re certain everything is in order—the product should be complete and in perfect working condition.

6
Don’t give in to pressure

Image: Ivan Aleksic

Don’t let high-pressure sales tactics bully you into buying something you’re not completely sure about buying. It’s okay to say no and walk away . If it’s over the phone, you can interrupt at any time, say you’re not interested, and hang up.

Take your time making a decision, especially if it involves a significant amount of money. Think it through, research, consider alternatives, and check your budget before making a purchase.

7
If an offer is too good to be true, it probably is

Image: Afif Ramdhasuma

Another low-hanging fruit in the consumer tips section is this one. Offers that promise unusually high returns always come with a catch. If the price seems too good to be true or too low , there’s likely an issue somewhere .

A demand for an immediate decision is a red flag. Don’t risk your hard-earned money on shady deals—you’ll regret it in the end.

8
Don’t buy things you don’t need. Even if they are on sale

Image: Jess Bailey

9

Just because something is on sale or has a great price doesn’t mean you need it . It’s easy to be tempted into buying things we don’t actually use just because they’re discounted. In reality, bargain-bin finds often end up forgotten, collecting dust in our cabinets. That money would be better spent on something you truly need.

10
Pay by card

Image: Blake Wisz

It’s always best to use a debit or credit card when shopping online. This allows you to request a chargeback if your order doesn’t arrive or is incorrect. Before entering your payment details , check that the website is secure . Look for a small padlock symbol near the address bar and ensure the URL starts with "https" (the "s" stands for secure) rather than just "http" or "www."

Take a screenshot of your completed order or save a copy of the order confirmation in case something goes wrong. Monitor your bank statements regularly, and if you notice anything unusual—such as duplicate charges—contact your bank immediately.

11
Keep receipts

Image: Carli Jeen

Last but not least, always take a photo of your purchase receipts and save them on your phone in case you need proof of purchase later. Most of the time, you won’t need them—but every once in a while, they can be a lifesaver. It costs nothing and could potentially save you a lot of money.

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