General General 5 min read

Were you watching?

What is the most-watched show in American TV history?

Image: freestocks / Oscar Nord

Were you among the 76 million people who watched the ending of Seinfeld live? Or one of those who waited to see who shot J.R.? Some American TV shows became so popular that they operated as a social ritual. We would sit and watch, all of us at the same time, and wait to discuss the plot twists and cliffhangers with our friends. Let’s look at some TV shows that had the largest sustained audiences in U.S. history!

1
Friends

Image: Ilse Orsel

Who couldn’t sing along to the opening song of Friends ? "I'll be there for you" is an anthem that sparks instant nostalgia. Friends was the comfort blanket of the '90s and early 2000s: Six pals navigating life and love in a surprisingly affordable New York apartment.

Rachel, Ross, Monica, Chandler, Joey, and Phoebe. Over 52 million viewers watched the finale. For ten years, Friends made millions feel like part of the gang.

2
The Ed Sullivan Show

Image: william f. santos

For over two decades, between 1948 and 1971, The Ed Sullivan Show was America’s Sunday night ritual. It had over 20 million average weekly viewers!

Families gathered in living rooms across the country to watch this variety show that brought together everything from opera to Elvis . And in 1964, over 73 million viewers tuned in to see four mop-topped Brits called The Beatles make their U.S. debut!

3
All in the Family

Image: Daniel von Appen

At the center of the 70s sitcom All in the Family was Archie Bunker, a prejudiced but lovable working-class man played by Carroll O’Connor, whose outdated views clashed with his liberal son-in-law "Meathead" (Rob Reiner).

The show tackled topics like racism, women’s rights, and the Vietnam War, and viewers loved seeing arguments they were having at home play out on screen.

4
Bonanza

Image: Olivier Piquer

Bonanza was the number one show between 1964 and 1967, although it aired from 1959 to 1973. Set on Ponderosa Ranch, near Lake Tahoe, Bonanza was a cowboy family drama .

Audiences fell in love with the Cartwrights: Ben, the wise patriarch, and his three very different sons. The show stood out for its lush color cinematography (very rare at the time) and storylines that combined action with moral lessons.

5
Gunsmoke

Image: Brice Cooper

Gunsmoke, which also boasted the Western genre, remained number 1 for multiple years as well. It was one of the first TV titans to accomplish such a thing. It held the record for the longest-running primetime drama for decades. Set in Dodge City, it followed law-upholding Marshal Matt Dillon (James Arness).

When Chester, Dillon’s original deputy, left the show, fans were devastated. With over 600 episodes , Gunsmoke redefined the genre and left a permanent mark on American pop culture.

6
Jeopardy!

Image: Gift Habeshaw

Jeopardy! is a legacy that started in 1984 and is still going strong! That has led to its amassing over 10 million average viewers over the decades. How many TV shows share the same claim?

For generations, it’s been the show that makes you feel smarter just for watching (if you can outsmart the participants, that is). The answer-first, question-last format ("What is the Eiffel Tower?") became iconic, and the theme music is forever ingrained in America’s collective brain.

7
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire

Image: Jordon Conner

Whenever Regis Philbin asked, "Is that your final answer?" America held its breath. Who Wants to Be a Millionaire exploded onto U.S. screens in 1999 at the turn of the millennium.

The phenomenon drew 28 million viewers at its peak. The first winner, John Carpenter, made headlines for not using a single lifeline until the final question, when he used "Phone a Friend" just to call his dad and say, "I’m about to win a million dollars." That moment alone is a TV legend.

8
Survivor

Image: Rowan Heuvel

Sixteen strangers marooned on a tropical island, forced to build shelter, find food, and outwit each other for a million dollars. This had a social-experiment factor that made it impossible for America to look away.

The very first season, set in Borneo, was an instant smash, with 28 million viewers. Host Jeff Probst’s fire-snuffing catchphrase ("The tribe has spoken") became iconic.

9
American Idol

Image: Eduardo Balderas

Did you watch live as the life of American Idol’s first-ever winner (Kelly Clarkson!) changed forever? In the early 2000s, American Idol turned everyday dreamers into superstars and had the whole country voting on their fates.

At its peak, it drew over 30 million viewers each week.

10
60 Minutes

Image: Alla Eddine Taleb

Do you remember a 60 Minutes episode that had you at the edge of your seat? Beginning in 1968, this show proved that journalism could be far more riveting than fiction.

Its secret was in smart and human storytelling, no-nonsense interviews, and a lineup of legendary correspondents like Mike Wallace, Morley Safer, and Ed Bradley.

11
The Cosby Show

Image: Francisco Andreotti

In the 1980s, The Cosby Show was the cultural touchstone. At its heart was the Huxtable family, an upper-middle-class Black household in Brooklyn, led by Cliff (Bill Cosby), an affable obstetrician, and Clair (Phylicia Rashad), a sharp attorney. Plus their chaotic five kids.

One of the most beloved moments was the family lip-syncing Ray Charles' "Night Time Is the Right Time" for Cliff’s birthday.

12
Seinfeld

Image: Rob Laughter

The premise of Seinfeld was a show about nothing . The sitcom ended up stealing the show. Between 1989 and 1998, Seinfeld cast a light on mundane life (you know, waiting in line, losing socks, awkward small talk) and turned it into comedy gold.

This "show about nothing" gave us four unforgettable New Yorkers: Jerry, George, Elaine, and Kramer. Its finale drew 76 million viewers, making it one of the most-watched episodes ever.

13
Cheers

Image: Andrea Mininni

This gem of the 80s invited America into a cozy Boston bar that felt like home. Centered around bartender Sam Malone (Ted Danson) and a colorful cast of barflies, waitstaff, and neurotic patrons, it delivered laughs, heart, and genuine warmth.

The chemistry of the ensemble was golden. And what people loved the most was that "Cheers," much like the "Central Perk" of Friends , was a place of belonging.

14
Dallas

Image: K. Mitch Hodge

Of course, Dallas, the ultimate primetime soap, cannot be left out of this list! This dramatic master of cliffhangers left the nation gasping. At its core was J.R. Ewing (Larry Hagman), one of TV’s most devious villains, who still had fans rooting for him.

The show became a cultural phenomenon, especially in 1980 when America asked, "Who shot J.R.?" That season finale was watched by more than 80 million people.

15
MAS H

Image: Robert Ruggiero

Set during the Korean War, MASH was unlike anything else on TV. It mixed satire and unforgettable characters in a mobile army surgical hospital. Alan Alda led the cast as Hawkeye Pierce, backed by a beloved ensemble that included Loretta Swit, Jamie Farr, and Mike Farrell.

The show’s final episode, "Goodbye, Farewell and Amen," aired in 1983 and drew 106 million viewers. That was a record that stood for decades!

Geography Geography 6 min read

Nicknames for miles

How many pelicans does it take? The stories behind 10 US state nicknames

Image: Pixabay

Who first called New York the "Empire State"? Does Minnesota actually have 10,000 lakes? And why is Florida the "Sunshine State," if Arizona boasts more sunny days a year? The nicknames that the U.S. states have cultivated over the decades are straightforward in some cases but very intriguing in others. What is a "Hoosier," and how many pelicans are there in Louisiana? Let’s explore the stories behind these license-plate monickers and whether others were considered for these 10 states.

1
The Show-Me State

Image: Chris Duan

Missouri’s license plates contain one of the strangest state nicknames in our list: The Show-Me State. Does that speak of residents with a no-nonsense, skeptical character? In part. This title can be traced back to 1899, when U.S. Congressman Willard Duncan Vandiver used the phrase in a speech, implying that Missourians aren't easily swayed by "frothy eloquence" and need proof, saying, "I am from Missouri. You have got to show me. "

Since then, though "Show-Me State" isn't an official legislative title, it has been recognized as part of the state’s identity. Beyond this nickname, Missouri also holds others such as "The Cave State" due to its large number of caves, and "The Mother of the West" because of its historical significance in westward expansion.

2
The Hoosier State

Image: Pixabay

Indiana is famously known as "The Hoosier State", though the origin of this monicker is one of the most debated topics in the state’s history. One popular theory attributes it to a canal contractor named Samuel Hoosier, who preferred to hire workers from Indiana. These laborers were known as "Hoosier’s men," which eventually shortened to "Hoosiers."

Others say it came from the frontier slang word hoozer , meaning "someone from a rural area". Whichever version is real, "Hoosier" gained popularity in the 1830s through a poem titled The Hoosier's Nest by John Finley, which celebrated Indiana’s rural charm. The "Hoosier Dome" (now the site of Lucas Oil Stadium) and companies like the Hoosier Bat Company embraced the nickname. Indiana is sometimes also known as the "Crossroads of America" for being a key geographical center for major highways.

3
The Beehive State

Image: David Hablützel

The nickname "Beehive State" has roots in Utah's founding by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS). When these settlers arrived in the Salt Lake Valley, they viewed the beehive as an emblem of industriousness, unity, connection, and hard work —qualities they wanted their new society to represent.

The other term used to reference all things Utah is "Deseret," with a similar story: the term appeared in the Book of Mormon standing for "honeybee." It’s also the reason why the state’s motto is "Industry", and features an illustration of a beehive in the center of the state’s flag.

4
The Land of 10,000 Lakes

Image: Josh Hild

Minnesota actually has around 11,842 lakes , excluding smaller ponds and wetlands. But calling it "The Land of Over 11,842 Lakes" would have been a nuisance. This nickname evokes the territory’s vast natural beauty: The catchy term was adopted as part of a strategic tourism campaign in the early 20th century, aiming to get more Americans to visit the state. With the automobile industry booming, Minnesota promoted itself as a destination for camping, boating, and fishing.

The slogan helped create a reputation for Minnesota as a water paradise and led to the formation of the Ten Thousand Lakes of Minnesota Association in 1917, which spread the message of the joys of lakeside vacations. Within a decade, Minnesota's lakes were drawing visitors from across the country. The state is also sometimes called "The North Star State" or L'Étoile du Nord for being the northernmost state in the contiguous U.S.

5
The Empire State

Image: Frederik Sørensen

The Empire State is New York's longstanding nickname. It’s hard to dispute: it stands for the state’s significant economic, cultural, and historical influence. Though the exact origin of the nickname remains unclear, it’s believed to have stemmed from a comment by George Washington in 1785, where he referred to New York as the "Seat of the Empire" in recognition of its central role in the post-Revolutionary War. With time, this expression grew into the nickname "Empire State".​

The famous Empire State Building is an example of the prevalence of the nickname: The iconic skyscraper was completed in 1931 and held the title of the world's tallest building for several decades. The Empire State Plaza in Albany, a government complex, is another example. New York also goes by other nicknames, including "The Excelsior State," referencing the state motto, "Excelsior," meaning "ever upward."

6
The Pelican State

Image: Zac Lois

How many pelicans does it take to earn a full state this nickname? It is said that early settlers were impressed not just by the amount of birds in the territory’s bayou, but by the nurturing character that the birds showed. The brown pelican eventually became the state’s official bird and prominent emblem. It was endangered in the '60s, but fortunately, thanks to the state’s efforts in banning the pesticides that harmed them, the population was restored.

Louisiana also has other descriptive nicknames. It’s known as "The Bayou State" for its lush marshlands, "The Creole State" for its unique culture, and "The Sportsman’s Paradise."

7
The Lone Star State

Image: Lucas Beck

The "Lone Star" reflects Texas's struggle for independence from Mexico , when Texas briefly became its own republic before joining the United States in 1845. This star stood as a symbol of pride and the determination for self-governance. Today, it still shines bright in the middle of Texas’ flag.

Texas has a few other nicknames, though they’re less well-known. In the 1960s, The New Yorker called it the "Super-American State". Texas has also been called "The Beef State" and "The Jumbo State".

8
The Golden State

Image: Elizabeth Iris

Is it because of the beautiful sunsets tainting the Pacific Coast in a golden light? Well, no. California’s nickname, "The Golden State," refers to multiple facets of its history. Most prominently, it alludes to the California Gold Rush of 1848-1855, a period that saw thousands flock to the state. Gold remains a powerful symbol in California, commemorated by the state’s official colors, blue and gold, representing the state’s skies, beaches, and mineral wealth.

The state also boasts an official fish, the California golden trout, and a butterfly, the California dogface butterfly, whose hues contribute to this golden theme. There are other unofficial names, such as "The Land of Milk and Honey" and "The Grape State."

9
The Sunshine State

Image: Nextvoyage

Who could dispute this nickname? Florida boasts an impressive average of 237 sunny days a year, so of course we would refer to it as "The Sunshine State." Florida's year-round pleasant weather has positioned it as a top destination for those seeking a break from colder regions, especially in winter. But technically, Florida isn’t the sunniest state —that title goes to Arizona .

Before settling on "The Sunshine State," Florida had other, less recognized nicknames, including the "Alligator State" and "Everglade State." Today, the "Sunshine State" nickname supports Florida’s brand as a sunny paradise, though it’s worth noting that its climate also includes frequent rain and thunderstorms, making it both sunny and tropically lush year-round.

10
The Natural State

Image: Jessica Garner

The state is renowned for its 52 state parks , lush forests, clear rivers, and diverse geography that includes everything from mountainous regions to bayous. Arkansas earned its official nickname, "The Natural State," in 1995, replacing "The Land of Opportunity." This new name aided in promoting it as a top destination for outdoor-enthusiast tourists.

Arkansas has had several other notable nicknames throughout its history. "The Bear State" was one of its earliest names, winking at the high number of black bears once found there. "The Wonder State" was adopted in the 1920s to highlight its natural wonders, and "The Land of Opportunity" came into use around the 1940s as part of an economic development initiative.​

Culture Culture 4 min read

The night Elvis Presley reclaimed his crown as the King of Rock

Image: Jack Fordyce

Isn’t it amazing when an artist performs one of their hits live and it turns out even better than the studio recording? The star’s give-and-take with a roaring crowd, the improvisation, the moments that don’t go according to plan all make a live moment unforgettable: From Dolly to Elvis to Whitney , here are 10 live performances we still can’t get over.

1
Dolly Parton – "Jolene," Glastonbury 2014

Image: Jack Fordyce

It’s hard to pick one iconic Dolly Parton live performance, as the Queen of Country knew exactly how to win over an audience with her extraordinary voice and charisma. But her unforgettable 2014 "Jolene" performance at Glastonbury Festival in England certainly has a special place in our hearts.

Playing in front of more than 180,000 people on the Pyramid Stage, she turned her 1973 classic song into a full-on spectacle, moving around the stage and joking as she and the audience belted out the chorus together. Only Dolly Parton could turn a British rock festival into a joyful country singalong.

2
Queen – Live Aid, 1985

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Queen needed only 20 minutes at 1985 Live Aid to deliver one of the most memorable live performances in history. The band played "Bohemian Rhapsody," "Radio Ga Ga," "Hammer to Fall," and "We Are the Champions" at the massive charity concert, with 72,000 people filling every corner of Wembley Stadium in London.

Frontman Freddie Mercury delivered a spectacular musical performance, masterfully commanding the crowd and making them part of the show.

3
Elvis Presley – ’68 Comeback Special, 1968

Image: Snap Spot

After seven years away from the stage, the King of Rock and Roll made a legendary comeback on December 3, 1968, when NBC aired Elvis Presley’s television special. Wearing a black leather outfit in an intimate sit-down session, Elvis marked his return to live music after years of focusing on Hollywood movies.

He performed some of his most popular songs, including "That’s Alright," and closed the show with "If I Can Dream," a song inspired partly by the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. earlier that year.

4
Johnny Cash – Folsom Prison, 1968

Image: Pedradosol

The "Man in Black" had long been fascinated by prison life, and on January 13, 1968, he performed two concerts inside Folsom State Prison in California — and the inmates were animated throughout the show, especially when Cash performed "Cocaine Blues" and "Folsom Prison Blues."

Beyond the unusual location, the Folsom Prison concert, recorded for a legendary album, epitomized Cash’s iconoclastic stance as he entertained fellow outlaws and outsiders.

5
Whitney Houston – Super Bowl XXV, 1991

Image: Featureflash Photo Agency

Whitney Houston's exceptional voice was already legendary, and she was one of the most famous and successful singers on the planet in 1991. But she stunned everyone when she sang "The Star-Spangled Banner" at Tampa Stadium in Florida, during the ongoing Gulf War.

The patriotic performance was a soulful showcase of Houston's vocal range and power in front of 73,000 people plus hundreds of millions more watching from home. The song reached the top 20 on the Billboard Hot 100, and all the revenues went to the Gulf Crisis Fund.

6
Tina Turner – "Proud Mary," Amsterdam Arena in 1996

Image: Philip Spittle, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Tina Turner's explosive performances of "Proud Mary" had long been a signature number in her live shows, a song where she showed off everything that made her such a fantastic performer. But her performance of "Proud Mary" at Amsterdam Arena in 1996 was something else.

Her nonstop dancing and roaring voice at the peak of her solo superstardom tore the roof off the place and drove the audience crazy.

7
The Beatles – Shea Stadium, 1965

Image: Robert Hale

In front of roughly 55,600 fans in New York City at the peak of Beatlemania , John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr performed one of the first major stadium rock concerts in history.

The audience got so loud during the show that The Beatles later reported they had trouble hearing themselves, as the band’s regular amplifiers weren’t enough for that crowd.

8
Madonna – Blond Ambition Tour, 1990

Image: Denis Makarenko

Madonna’s remarkable 1990 Blond Ambition Tour had it all: singing, choreography, costumes, and provocative themes and imagery that ruffled some feathers. She was at the peak of her global fame, and her hypersexual performance of "Like a Virgin" raised some eyebrows, especially the choreography involving an iconic cone bra design by Jean Paul Gaultier.

The Blond Ambition Tour was a theatrical full-scale visual production that influenced generations of performers who followed.

9
Goo Goo Dolls – "Iris" in the rain, 2004

Image: Shutter Photo Press

Although the Goo Goo Dolls are technically not one-hit wonders, the ballad "Iris" is by far the band’s most iconic song. And if anything could make it even more memorable, that was the epic 2004 performance in the rain in Buffalo, New York.

Just as the band began to play "Iris," a massive thunderstorm rolled in, pouring rain onto the stage ; but instead of stopping, lead singer John Rzeznik simply embraced the weather and used it to his advantage to deliver a cinematic performance in which the rain actually enhanced the song’s emotional climax.

10
Beyoncé – Coachella, 2018

Image: A.RICARDO

On April 14, 2018, during a nearly two-hour concert packed with dancers, musicians, and even a marching band, Beyoncé became the first Black woman to headline Coachella . She played songs from throughout her career, including "Crazy in Love," "Formation," "Drunk in Love," and, of course, "Single Ladies."

The performance was so famous that fans even renamed it " Beychella " and turned it into a celebration of Black American musical tradition.

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