History History 3 min read

Test your memory

From flappers to disco: Which decade fits the clue?

Image: Roman Kraft

Every generation has its soundtrack, its fashions, and the major cultural shifts that define an era. Some decades are remembered for their music, others for technology, and some for both. But do you think you can place these moments in time ? We’ve put together six sets of clues about American life across the last century. First, try your hand at guessing the decade, and then scroll down to see the answers!

1
Clue #1

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A nationwide ban on alcohol gave rise to speakeasies and bootlegging . Dance halls were alive with new rhythms, and women in shorter skirts shocked traditional society. Cities buzzed with fresh art, literature, and music. Affordable cars began filling the streets, changing how people lived and traveled.

2
Clue #2

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The sound of distorted guitars and flannel shirts became the uniform of youth culture. At the same time, toy shops were filled with collectible plush animals and tiny digital pets. Computers were shrinking, and the world was just learning what "online" really meant. Sitcoms about groups of friends or quirky families topped the TV charts, while early cell phones were starting to appear in everyday life.

3
Clue #3

Image: Dominik Mecko

This period glittered with light-up dance floors and pulsing rhythms. Movie theaters drew crowds to see epic space battles and summer blockbusters . Fads like mood rings and quirky pet rocks had their moment in the spotlight. On the flip side, fuel shortages tested patience, and quick-service burger joints began appearing on more street corners.

4
Clue #4

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Families grew larger, and shiny new suburbs began to sprawl outside cities. Teenagers tuned in to a fresh sound that worried parents but captivated youth. Cars rolled into drive-ins for movies or burgers, while living rooms glowed with the latest entertainment gadget: the television set.

5
Clue #5

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Television expanded with channels devoted to sports and 24-hour news. Music fans were glued to screens watching flashy new music videos . Young professionals embraced big paychecks, bold fashion, and an appetite for luxury. Arcades buzzed with electronic sounds, and living rooms welcomed the first home gaming systems.

6
Answer #1: The 1920s

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Known as the Roaring Twenties, this decade was defined by Prohibition, flappers, and the Harlem Renaissance . Jazz poured out of clubs, while the Model T made road trips possible for everyday families. It was a time of innovation, rebellion, and cultural change.

7
Answer #2: The 1990s

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The internet emerged, fueling the dot-com boom. Grunge bands from Seattle reshaped the music scene, while sitcoms like Friends and Seinfeld ruled TV. Kids collected Beanie Babies and fed Tamagotchis, while cell phones gradually became a part of daily life.

8
Answer #3: The 1970s

Image: Matthew LeJune

Disco fever ruled the nightclubs, and blockbusters like Star Wars rewrote movie history. Quirky fads, such as Pet Rocks, had short but memorable lifespans. Rising gas prices caused long lines at fuel stations, while fast food giants spread across the country.

9
Answer #4: The 1950s

Image: Elizabeth Smith

Suburbs such as Levittown expanded rapidly as families grew during the Baby Boom. Rock ‘n’ roll stars like Elvis lit up radios . TV ownership soared, transforming family routines, while drive-ins and diners became favorite hangouts for teenagers.

10
Answer #5: The 1980s

Image: National Cancer Institute

The launch of MTV sparked the music video explosion , while arcades buzzed with hits like Pac-Man and Donkey Kong . Yuppies pursued ambitious careers and embraced neon fashion. Cable television expanded viewing options, and home consoles like the Nintendo Entertainment System brought gaming into millions of households.

General General 4 min read

Zzzzz…

A better rest makes for a better life: 12 simple tips for a great sleep

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We spend a third of our lives sleeping, and the quality of our sleep determines the quality of the time we spend awake. Thankfully, there are a handful of simple things that we can do to improve our resting hours. Do you follow any of these?

1
Sleep routine

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Your body is a routine animal. If you eat at a certain time, you’ll probably feel hungry around that same time the next day. If you go to sleep at a certain hour, you’ll likely feel sleepy at that same hour the next day.

Use this to your advantage by sticking to a consistent sleep schedule , both for going to bed and for waking up. If you do this consistently, your body will embrace this routine, and it will start to come naturally.

2
Food and drinks

Image: Kelsey Chance

Avoid going to bed shortly after a large meal. Your digestive system will stay active for a long period of time potentially keeping you awake until it finishes processing the food and drink you've consumed.

The same goes for alcohol: while it might make you feel drowsy at first, it can disrupt your sleep later in the night.

3
Create a good sleeping environment

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A dark, quiet, and cool bedroom makes for a good sleeping environment . Your senses will continue capturing and processing any light or sound present in your bedroom, which is why it is important to minimize these distractions as much as possible.

4
Avoid long naps

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This one is quite straightforward: your body only requires a certain amount of sleep , and if you use up a large portion of it during the day, you may find yourself staying awake longer at night. While a short, 20-minute nap during the day can help restore your energy, a longer rest period will subtract from your nighttime sleep.

5
Physical activity

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Regular physical activity and spending time outside every day are great ways to promote better sleep at night. However, it’s important to avoid physical exercise if you are too close to your bedtime to avoid overstimulation.

6
Avoid going to bed with worries

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Whatever worries you may have in your life, try to avoid thinking about them while you're trying to sleep. Stressful thoughts can delay sleep and create anxiety , leading to less-than-optimal rest. Instead, write down any issues you need to deal with and save them for the next day.

7
Light exposure

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Spending time in natural sunlight or bright light during the day can help keep your circadian rhythm healthy and, in turn, improve your daytime energy and enhance the quality and duration of your sleep at night.

In contrast, avoid exposure to screens for at least half an hour before going to bed. Nighttime light exposure can have the opposite effect from daytime exposure because it reduces your levels of melatonin, which helps you relax and get deep sleep.

8
No alcohol before bedtime

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As mentioned earlier, drinking alcohol before bedtime is not recommended . Alcohol can cause or worsen symptoms of sleep apnea, increase snoring, and disrupt normal sleep patterns. It also alters nighttime melatonin production, which plays a key role in regulating your body’s circadian rhythm.

9
A good bed and pillow

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Poor-quality bedding can lead to increased lower back pain , making it harder to sleep well. Firm and medium-firm mattresses are available at different price ranges and can be a good choice for comfort and to avoid back pain.

Pillows should not cause neck pain, either. Find a pillow that isn’t too high and offers comfort for your sleep style. It will make for a better rest, and your body will thank you in the morning.

10
No liquids right before bed

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There’s nothing wrong with being hydrated during your sleep time, but having to get up in the middle of the night to go to the bathroom is not great. If this happens repeatedly, it can negatively affect your sleep quality and daytime energy.

To minimize interruptions, try reducing your fluid intake in the last hour before bed . This can help lower the chances of waking up during the night.

11
Good sleeping temperature

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One way to guarantee uncomfortable sleep is a bedroom that’s either too cold or too hot . The ideal temperature can vary based on the individual, but most research suggests that sleeping in a cooler room—around 65 to 68 degrees—is optimal.

12
At least seven hours of sleep

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Each age group requires a different amount of sleep each night, but for most people, seven hours is the bare minimum to ensure proper rest. If you have a specific wake-up time, calculate a target bedtime that allows for at least seven hours of sleep . Give yourself extra time before bed to wind down and prepare for sleep whenever possible.

History History 3 min read

Who did it best?

Which POTUS lasted the longest in office? Odd presidential achievements

Image: Library of Congress

Holding the position of POTUS surely comes with great power and responsibility. And, sometimes, with the opportunity to break some records! From Franklin Roosevelt’s unmatched four terms to Teddy Roosevelt’s marathon handshake session, the White House has seen leaders leave their mark in unexpected ways. Let’s explore some of them!

1
Youngest president to assume office

Image: Stephen Walker

Theodore Roosevelt became president at 42 years, 322 days old, making him the youngest to hold the office

Although John F. Kennedy remains the youngest elected (at 43 years old), Roosevelt was the youngest on the day of his ascension in 1901, which followed the assassination of President William McKinley.

2
First to receive a secret service code name

Image: Library of Congress

Harry S. Truman, who served from 1945 to 1953, was the first president to be given a Secret Service code name. His code name was "General," and from then on, presidents, their families, and senior staff were all assigned aliases for security.

For example, John F. Kennedy became "Lancer," Dwight Eisenhower was "Providence," and Ronald Reagan (a "Hollywood cowboy") was "Rawhide."

3
Most dogs in the White House

Image: Sébastien Lavalaye

Franklin D. Roosevelt holds the record for the most dogs residing in the White House during a presidency, keeping 11 over his 12 years and one month in office. While his Scottish Terrier, Fala, became a national celebrity, he was hardly the only one.

He also had two red setters, a bullmastiff, a retriever, a bulldog, a Llewellin Setter, a terrier, a Great Dane, a sheepdog, and a German Shepherd.

4
Most handshakes in a single day by a head of state

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On January 1, 1907, Theodore Roosevelt reportedly gave 8,513 handshakes in one day at a White House function, claimed to be the most by a head of state. Who would keep count?

This surely reflected Roosevelt’s populist, outgoing personality and the era’s emphasis on personal touch. Such physical engagement would be virtually impossible today with modern security protocols.

5
The oldest president ever elected

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Joe Biden was 78 years and 61 days old when inaugurated on January 20, 2021, which made him the oldest person ever elected to the U.S. presidency at the time. On that date, he surpassed the prior record held by Donald Trump, who was 70 at his inauguration.

The plot twist was that, in 2025, Donald Trump once again recovered the title. When he took office for his second nonconsecutive term, he was 78 years and 7 months old.

6
Elected for four terms

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Franklin D. Roosevelt is the only U.S. president to be elected to four terms and stay in office from 1933 to 1945, a total of almost 12 years. He led the nation through both the Great Depression and much of World War II. His unprecedented term length prompted the 22nd Amendment, which now limits presidents to two terms.

7
Largest presidential entourage

Image: Francesco Vantini

President Bill Clinton traveled to China in June 1998 with what Guinness World Records logged as the largest presidential entourage ever: 1,200 people. The logistics included Secret Service agents, military personnel, senior delegates, reporters, White House TV crews, all assorted in vans, limousines, and even aircraft.

8
First African-American U.S. President

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Barack Obama holds the historic record as the first African-American president of the United States, inaugurated in 2009.

His election represented a pivotal moment in American racial history and identity. Obama’s presidency inspired discussions about diversity, representation, and societal progress.

9
First president on the radio

Image: Maximilian Hofer

Warren G. Harding became the first president to deliver a radio address, marking a revolutionary shift in presidential communication in 1922, during the Lincoln Memorial dedication.

This milestone transformed how leaders reached the public: technology now made it possible for their voices to be heard inside people’s own homes.

10
Longest presidential diaries

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Many presidents, from George Washington to Joe Biden, have kept personal diaries, offering raw insight into their minds, decisions, and even moods. But John Quincy Adams kept the longest one: a 15,000-page record, including candid habits like skinny-dipping.

11
Most "Time Person of the Year" titles (male)

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Franklin D. Roosevelt earned three "Time Person of the Year" titles (in 1932, 1934, and 1941) more than any other male in history. He presided over both the Great Depression and World War II, becoming a dominant public figure, which earned him those recognitions. These awards reflected his central role in shaping national and global events over more than a decade.

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