General General 3 min read

Partners in mischief

Could you name these unforgettable sidekicks without their heroes?

Image: Joseph Pearson

Not everyone can be the main act, and that’s perfectly fine. Some of the most memorable moments in TV, film, and music come from the ones standing just off-center: The loyal, goofy, brave, or sometimes downright ridiculous sidekicks who make our favorite heroes shine. Let’s take a walk down memory lane and look back on a few of the best second figures who often stole the show.

1
Robin, Batman’s boy wonder

Image: Studbee

Holy teamwork! Since his first comic book appearance in 1940, Robin has been Batman’s dependable backup even when things got rough. Sure, he often found himself tied up by villains, but his bravery and quick wit always made him the perfect No. 2. Whether it’s Dick Grayson, Jason Todd, or any of the Robins since, the Boy Wonder brought heart to Gotham’s dark nights.

2
Tonto, The Lone Ranger’s trusted partner

Image: V

Long before duos like Batman and Robin hit the screen, there was Tonto. Played by Jay Silverheels, this brave and loyal companion stood by the Lone Ranger through thick and thin. He didn’t just tag along; he was the Ranger’s conscience, guide, and moral compass. Without Tonto, the masked man would have been just another cowboy in the desert.

3
Ethel Mertz, Lucy’s partner in chaos

Image: Pawel Czerwinski

When it comes to classic comedy duos, Lucy and Ethel take the cake. Ethel Mertz was the level-headed neighbor every mischievous friend needs. She complained, she warned, and yet, she always joined in on Lucy’s hair-brained adventures. Let’s be honest, without Ethel, Lucy’s messes wouldn’t have been half as funny.

4
Piglet, small in size, big in heart

Image: Taha

In the Hundred Acre Wood, courage doesn’t come from being big or brave; it comes from being there. Piglet’s tiny voice and timid ways make him easy to overlook, but his loyalty to Winnie-the-Pooh is second to none. When he takes Pooh’s paw and says, "I just wanted to be sure of you," it melts every heart.

5
Ed Norton, Ralph Kramden’s comic counterpart

Image: Aleks Dorohovich

From The Honeymooners , Ed Norton was the easygoing neighbor who kept Ralph Kramden’s temper in check most of the time. Played by Art Carney, Norton’s goofy charm made him one of TV’s most lovable sidekicks. When Ralph barked, "Get out!" we all knew Ed would be back by breakfast.

6
Barney Fife, Mayberry’s greatest deputy

Image: Bruna Araujo

Every small town has that one guy who means well but causes chaos. For The Andy Griffith Show , that was Barney Fife. Don Knotts’ Barney turned bumbling into an art form: nervous, loyal, and always just one mistake away from disaster. Andy’s patience made for perfect chemistry, and together they gave us some of TV’s most wholesome laughs.

7
Art Garfunkel, the harmony behind the melody

Image: Marius Masalar

Paul Simon may have written most of the hits, but without Art Garfunkel’s golden voice, those songs wouldn’t have soared. Bridge Over Troubled Water still gives goosebumps thanks to Art’s heartfelt delivery. His harmonies gave Paul’s lyrics wings, and even though Simon got most of the credit, Garfunkel made sure the music had a soul.

8
George Costanza, Jerry Seinfeld’s lovable disaster

Image: freestocks

George Costanza was the friend you couldn’t live with or without. Selfish, neurotic, and hopelessly insecure, he somehow made Jerry appear to be the most well-adjusted man in New York. Jason Alexander turned George’s every meltdown into a comedy masterclass. As sidekicks go, he’s the one who proves misery really does love company.

9
Chewbacca, Han Solo’s fuzzy conscience

Image: Justin Wilkens

Who needs words when a growl says it all? Chewbacca was more than Han Solo’s co-pilot; he was his moral compass, mechanic, and best friend rolled into one very hairy package. Brave, loyal, and endlessly patient, Chewie made the galaxy far, far away feel a little more human.

10
Donkey, the heart of Shrek

Image: Dovydas Žilinskas

If there’s one friend who’ll stick with you no matter how grumpy you are, that’s Donkey. Voiced by Eddie Murphy, this chatterbox proves that friendship can melt even an ogre’s heart. He sang, he talked (a lot!), and he taught us that everyone deserves to be loved… How could we not love him?

History History 7 min read

Behind the mics

Whose car caught fire while he wrote a song? Stories behind 10 hits

Image: Skitterphoto

Artists never know where their next big idea might come from. A heated debate, a bittersweet farewell, an improvised response, or even a simple guitar warm-up. Each of these has inspired songs that made it into the world’s top charts in their time and are still all-time classics. But did you know, for example, that one of these songs drove its creator to obsession? Or that someone once paid $50,000 to learn the secret behind another? Let’s set the record straight about how these 10 world-famous songs came to be.

1
Sweet Child O' Mine - Guns N’ Roses

Image: Kyle Buss

Fans of Guns N’ Roses will tell you how fast "Sweet Child O’ Mine" was written. In under an hour, the band developed the accompaniment for a melody one of them had come up with—a hand-warming riff that guitarist Slash was playfully improvising. That same riff, by-now famous guitar melody, opens the song.

Hearing the result, Axl Rose wrote lyrics inspired by his then-girlfriend, Erin Everly, whose smile, it seemed to him, reminded him of childhood memories. Remarkably, he completed the poem in a single day. Later, while recording in the studio, the band made another on-the-spot call: they decided to include a sung line that Axl Rose had been repeating while searching for an ending to the song, "Where do we go now?"

2
Billie Jean - Michael Jackson

Image: Call Me Fred

Michael Jackson didn’t shy away from saying that he always knew "Billie Jean" was going to be a hit. While writing it, he was aware that he had hit material in his hands, and he worked on it accordingly. Thanks to his rigorous daily vocal training during the production of Thriller , Jackson recorded the main vocal in a single take. The song was mixed 91 times , while he and producer Quincy Jones strived for perfection. In the end, they settled on mix number two—the version we know today.

But here is the most impressive anecdote behind "Billie Jean." Jackson was driving his Rolls-Royce between recording sessions, obsessed with finding the best ideas for his song. He was so absorbed that he didn’t notice the underside of his car had caught fire —until a passing biker alerted him.

3
You Give Love a Bad Name - Bon Jovi

Image: Benjamin Farren

Can you imagine the iconic opening vocals of "You Give Love a Bad Name" belted out by any other voice than Jon Bon Jovi’s? A female voice, perhaps? Surprisingly, the melody was originally written by hitmaker Desmond Child for Bonnie Tyler . Her version, titled "If You Were a Woman (And I Was a Man)," featured different lyrics, and was released earlier that same year in 1986.

Dissatisfied with the final result of Tyler’s song, Child decided to take the same seed of an anthem and team up with Jon Bon Jovi and Richie Sambora to rework it. The result was a powerhouse anthem that propelled Bon Jovi to the top of the charts. It also marked a radical change in the band’s career, which veered from then on to a more radio-friendly, arena-rock sound that would define their style.

4
Don’t Stop Believin’ - Journey

Image: Kristina Chuprina

If you strip this '80s rock anthem of its drums, bass, guitar, and even its melody, you’re left with a simple yet powerful plea: "Don’t stop believing." Those words have a heartfelt origin. When Jonathan Cain was invited to join Journey, he started working on a song, first deciding that he was going to name it after the words his father would repeat to him over the phone while he was still a struggling musician in L.A.: "Don’t stop believing or you are done , dude."

Cain wrote the emotional chorus first before sharing the project with the band to complete it together. That’s why it’s said that the song was written "backward ." The arrangements were carefully crafted to build up to the climactic final chorus. If you pay attention, this one doesn’t appear until near the end of the song—a structure that sets it apart.

5
We Didn't Start the Fire - Billy Joel

Image: David Clode

119 significant events are mentioned in the famous 1989 song by "Piano Man" Billy Joel. A rapid-fire history lesson, covering science, sports, music, politics, cultural icons, movies, and so many more, is uttered to assemble an image of the 40 years the artist had lived until then—from 1949 to 1989. The story of how he stumbled upon the idea for this musical whirlwind is just as fascinating.

Legend has it that Joel was in the studio one day when Sean Lennon, John Lennon’s son , visited with a young friend. The 20-year-old started complaining about the hardships of growing up in the ‘80s, and Joel replied that the ‘60s weren’t exactly easy either. This sparked a discussion where each mentioned world-relevant events they had lived through. Inspired, Joel jotted down the events and began piecing them together, eventually crafting the iconic song.

6
I Will Always Love You - Dolly Parton

Image: Wes McFee

"I Will Always Love You," immortalized by Whitney Houston ’s rendition for The Bodyguard (1992), was actually written 18 years earlier by Dolly Parton. Although it became a romantic power ballad in the voice of Houston, the original version hadn’t been written with romance or heartbreak in mind—it was a heartfelt farewell.

In 1972, after having become a performing regular in The Porter Wagoner Show , Dolly Parton decided it was time to leave and pursue her own path. Her deep appreciation for Wagoner and her love for her colleague drove her to write a sweet, sincere song to express her feelings. Explaining that, despite needing to move on, and regardless of where life took her, she would always love him. Touched by the song, Wagoner loved it and asked to produce it himself.

7
Maniac - Michael Sembello

Image: David Monje

"Maniac," made famous for its inclusion in the Flashdance (1983) soundtrack, is another example of a song that started with a very different theme. Its original name was still "Maniac," yes. But it wasn’t originally about a passionate dancer—it was about a serial killer.

Dennis Matkosky, the song’s author, had seen in the news a story about a psychotic criminal and conjured in his mind a song that warned of his deeds . Together with his friend Michael Sembello, they finished that version for their own amusement. The demo ended up being one of the songs used in the set of Flashdance for being upbeat, catchy, and danceable. Director Adrian Lyne grew so fond of it that he asked Matkosky and Sembello to rewrite the lyrics to better suit the film. The reworked song became a global hit, reaching the top 10 of pop charts in multiple countries that year.

8
Shout - The Isley Brothers

Image: Brett Sayles

If hearing the song "Shout" by The Isley Brothers makes you think of a festive event where a band interacts with a dancing audience, it means the song retained its original spirit. The iconic phrase "Jump up and shout now" was part of a series of playful instructions the band improvised during a live performance. At the time, they were covering "Lonely Teardrops," a Jackie Wilson hit, and went off on a tangent building on the climax of that song.

The band began shouting ad-libbed lines , encouraging the crowd to participate. That responsorial dynamic became the foundation of "Shout," and evolved further through subsequent performances. Once the song was written down and recorded, it became a timeless classic. Today, this 1959 hit remains a staple at celebrations around the world.

9
You’re So Vain - Carly Simon

Image: Dinielle De Veyra

A song with the famous line "You're so vain, you probably think this song is about you," has sparked decades of speculation about who inspired it. Mick Jagger, James Taylor, and Warren Beatty were all rumored to be the subject behind Carly Simon’s famous song. The singer and songwriter delighted in keeping the identity of any precise man a secret, and at some point declared that it had been written about a type of man in general.

However, in 2003, for a charity auction organized by Martha's Vineyard Possible Dreams organization, Simon decided to offer one big treasure to the highest bidder: The truth behind the song. Her friend Dick Ebersol paid $50,000 for the revelation. Under sworn secrecy, Simon revealed the person to Ebersol. He kept the secret, only telling the public that he found the answer "very surprising."

10
Walk the Line - Johnny Cash

Image: Simon Migaj

"I Walk the Line" was Johnny Cash's declaration of commitment and faithfulness, a song written for his first wife, Vivian Liberto. As he prepared to embark on long tours, Cash penned this song as a vow to assure her that he would remain true to her.

Beyond the inspiration for the lyrics, the song showed an array of singularities that made it stand out back in 1956. For example, each iteration of a verse is sung in a different key, a unique technique that can be heard in the gradual shifts of Cash’s voice. The low hum before each verse is Cash’s preparation for singing in each corresponding key. He also innovated by attaching a piece of paper to his guitar’s end which he would hit while playing, simulating the sound of a snare drum that can be heard in the song.

History History 3 min read

Got mail?

Did you know these 12 facts about the evolution of mail delivery?

Image: Wolfgang Vrede

We take many things for granted, especially when they have been around forever. Their stability is reassuring and commanding. But everything has to start somewhere, and mail delivery certainly has had an interesting history in America. From humble tavern-based post offices to airplanes and ZIP codes, the postal service has a few stories to share. Did you know about these 12?

1
The first post office? A Boston tavern

Image: Mick Haupt

In 1639, the first organized mail service in British North America started at Richard Fairbank’s tavern . The owner collected and distributed mail brought by ship.

Although informal and modest by today’s standards, this post office laid the foundation for communal mail collection and delivery.

2
Enter Benjamin Franklin

Image: Brett Wharton

From 1753, Franklin served as joint Postmaster General for the colonies and undertook a sweeping reform: he organized delivery routes, aligned them with major roads and rivers, and cut the mail travel time between Philadelphia and New York to about 33 hours .

He also introduced the first rate chart, standardizing delivery costs based on weight and distance, turning what had been a scattered courier network into a more reliable, structured mail system.

3
National Postal System founded

Image: David Trinks

With the American Revolution underway, the Second Continental Congress established the first national postal agency in 1775 , appointing Benjamin Franklin as the first Postmaster General.

This new postal service initially handled mostly military and diplomatic correspondence, but the agency laid the groundwork for what would become a national communications service.

4
The Age of Steam: mail by steamboat

Image: mandylin

In 1813, Congress authorized the Postmaster General to contract steamboat companies to carry mail. Soon, steamboats were ferrying mail up and down the East Coast and the Mississippi River .

By 1848, mail even traveled to California via steamship and across the Isthmus of Panama, a three-week voyage.

5
Overland stagecoaches and the Butterfield Overland Mail

Image: Ricky BiggsSr

Between 1858 and 1861, the Butterfield Overland Mail stagecoach service carried U.S. mail across the western frontier, from eastern posts like Memphis and St. Louis to San Francisco .

This service helped connect the eastern U.S. with rapidly growing western settlements long before the completion of the transcontinental railroad.

6
Railroads enter the picture

Image: Jay Kettle-Williams

As railroads expanded, the postal service started to use this new technology: in 1832, the first mail deliveries by train were made.

Rail transport vastly improved speed and reliability compared to horse and stagecoach travel , and became a key advance as mail traffic increased and the nation expanded westward.

7
First U.S. postage stamps

Image: The New York Public Library

In 1847, the first official U.S. postage stamps were issued: a 5-cent stamp featuring none Ben Franklin and a 10-cent stamp featuring George Washington .

Prepaid stamps simplified payment and collection of postage, removing complications from pay-on-delivery systems and helping the postal system function more efficiently.

8
The Pony Express

Image: The New York Public Library

In 1860, the Pony Express started its overland mail route between Missouri and California, nearly 1800 miles of relay horseback riding . The mail took 10 days between endpoints.

Although short-lived (it ended in 1861), the Pony Express demonstrated the demand for rapid cross-country communication.

9
City-wide home delivery

Image: Lesli Whitecotton

In 1863, free city mail delivery began , allowing residents in major cities to receive letters directly at their homes rather than picking them up at a post office.

This represented a major shift: mail became a part of everyday domestic life, not just something dropped off and picked up by hand.

10
Pneumatic tube mail in NYC

Image: The New York Public Library

In 1897, a pneumatic-tube mail system began operation in New York City. Mail could travel underground at high speeds, from the General Post Office to other offices in Manhattan within minutes .

At its peak, the system carried thousands of letters daily: at one point, nearly 30% of New York City mail went through this immense underground network.

11
Parcel post service launches

Image: Olivier Rouge

On New Year’s Day 1913, the U.S. Post Office inaugurated the first official parcel post service , allowing packages, not just letters, to be sent through the mail.

The impact was immediate: within the first five days, millions of packets passed through post offices, fueling mail-order business and expanding commerce everywhere.

12
First airmail route

Image: Qihao Wang

In 1918, the postal service launched the first regularly scheduled air mail route between Washington, D.C., and New York , marking the beginning of mail carried by airplane.

Airplane mail allowed far faster coast-to-coast and long-distance communication, a major leap from sailboats, stagecoaches, or railroads.

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