1

Barack Obama

Image: History in HD

We’ll begin with our most recent Laureate President. You’ll quickly notice that many U.S. Presidents have made it to this list, which seems only fitting considering their paramount efforts in maintaining world peace.

In this regard, President Obama is no exception, and in 2009 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his "extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples."

2

Al Gore

Image: Markus Spiske

The only American Vice President on this list, Al Gore, received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007 for his "efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change." Gore has been a long-time advocate for fighting climate change, and his endeavors were featured in the Academy Award-winning documentary An Inconvenient Truth .

Nowadays, Al Gore continues to educate the world about environmentalism and the perils of climate change. In 2021, he addressed the United Nations during their Climate Change Conference.

3

Martin Luther King Jr.

Image: Unseen Histories

No other figure represents the fight for Civil Rights in America as Martin Luther King Jr. does. In 1964, Reverend King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for "his non-violent struggle for civil rights for the Afro-American population."

King, who was 35 years old at the time, became the youngest Peace Prize recipient in history. This title is now held by Malala Yousafzai, who was awarded the Prize at 17 years of age, in 2014.

4

Richard P. Feynman

Image: Zoltan Tasi

From his bongo playing to his iconic studying technique, American theoretical physicist Richard Feynman has become a pop culture icon. In 1965, Feynman received the Nobel Prize in Physics alongside Julian Schwinger and Shin'ichirō Tomonaga "for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics."

While Feynman was by no means the first (nor will be the last) American Nobel-winning physicist, his recognition is still remembered fondly by the scientific community. With the money from the award, Feynman and his wife purchased a beach house in Baja California, Mexico.

5

Bob Dylan

Image: weston m

Bob Dylan is known as "The Voice of a Generation" and with good reason: his songs of protest and insightful lyrics have inspired generations of Americans for almost 70 years. Dylan is truly a renaissance man, being an accomplished musician, painter, and, perhaps more importantly for this list, writer.

In 2016, Bob Dylan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for "for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition." Fellow American musician (and die-hard Bob Dylan fan) Patti Smith performed a heartfelt rendition of his classic song "A Hard Rain’s a-Gonna Fall" during his Nobel ceremony.

6

Jimmy Carter

Image: Library of Congress

At almost 100 years of age, Jimmy Carter’s life has been filled with outstanding achievements and awards. In that sense, it is rather remarkable that our 39th President’s Nobel Peace Prize was awarded almost 20 years after he left the White House.

In 2002, President Carter received the Peace Prize for "his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts." His award mostly acknowledged his work with the Carter Center and their exceptional work in defending and promoting human rights around the world.

7

Ernest Hemingway

Image: Annie Lang

"Beige" prose master and iconic American author Ernest Hemingway was awarded the Nobel Literature Prize in 1954 for his "mastery of the art of narrative". The Nobel Foundation specially cited Hemingway’s then most recent novel, The Old Man and the Sea , as a contributing factor in their decision.

At the time of his award, Hemingway was recuperating from an airplane accident and didn’t travel to Stockholm to receive the award. He did, however, send a speech to be read at the ceremony, in which he stated that "Writing, at its best, is a lonely life."

8

John Forbes Nash

Image: Roman Mager

American mathematician John Forbes Nash was brought into the spotlight thanks to the 2001 film A Beautiful Mind , in which Nash was portrayed by Russell Crowe. Thanks to this movie, the whole world was able to learn about Nash’s troubled but extraordinary life and the amazing theories that earned him a Nobel Prize in Economics in 1994.

Nash is mostly remembered for his groundbreaking contributions to the mathematical field known as "game theory." He was awarded the prize alongside John Harsanyi and Reinhard Selten "for their pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games."

9

Toni Morrison

Image: Isaac N.

American novelist Toni Morrison was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1993 when she was 62 years of age. A few years earlier, Morrison received the Pulitzer Prize for her groundbreaking 1988 novel Beloved , which was instrumental in her Nobel nomination.

The Nobel Foundation acknowledged Morrison’s extraordinary talent, recognizing her as a writer "who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality."

10

Theodore Roosevelt Jr.

Image: Library of Congress

We’ll end this article with the very first American to win a Nobel Prize. Our 26th President received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906, in recognition of his tremendous and successful efforts in ending the Russo-Japanese War.

Roosevelt was not only the first American but also the very first statesman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize. While at the time this award was deemed controversial, ultimately the Nobel Foundation decided to acknowledge Roosevelt’s "role in bringing to an end the bloody war recently waged between two of the world's great powers, Japan and Russia."

1

Huckleberry Finn

Image: Pedro Forester Da Silva

Mark Twain has given us some of the most iconic characters in our country's literature, and Huckleberry Finn is one of them.

He stole our hearts as the main character of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), where his experiences and charm made him unforgettable. Adventurous, independent, rebellious (rightly so), and very smart, "Huck," as he is called in the novel, surprises us with reflections and critiques on the society of his time.

Huck not only escapes an abusive home but also makes an incredible journey down the Mississippi River in search of freedom. Along the way, he forms deep connections with those he meets, making it impossible not to feel attached to him.

2

Atticus Finch

Image: Scott Graham

When discussing classics of American literature, it is impossible not to include in the list the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird (1960) by Harper Lee.

And if there's one thing this novel has to offer, it's some unforgettable characters. At the center of it all is none other than Atticus Finch. Atticus is described as an honorable lawyer with a profound commitment to justice and equality, serving as a moral beacon in a society defined by its lack of both. He always stands up for his principles , even when they go against the dominant norms.

One of his most iconic lines in the novel is a phrase that defines him very well: "The one thing that doesn't abide by majority rule is a person's conscience."

3

Holden Caulfield

Image: Hiroyoshi Urushima

J.D. Salinger's novel The Catcher in the Rye (1951) is undoubtedly a landmark of American literature. And one name that has stayed with us forever is Holden Caulfield, the novel's unforgettable protagonist.

With his characteristic red hat , Holden Caulfield is the definitive teenager: rebellious, curious, somewhat cynical , selfish, and mischievous. As he roams New York City after being expelled from several prep schools, we are witnesses of his intense and often smartly critical thoughts and experiences. However, despite his disillusionment with the world, Holden demonstrates a deep sensitivity .

4

Jay Gatsby

Image: Hardini Lestari

Published almost 100 years ago, F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby (1925) has become one of our classics , portraying life during the Roaring Twenties and inspiring many film adaptations. Jay Gatsby, with his ambition, idealism, and charisma, gets all the attention in this novel as an enigmatic character who is proof of the majesty of its author.

Much like Dante's Beatrice, the character of Daisy Buchanan inspires in Jay Gatsby an almost obsessive love that drives him to make key decisions and take powerful actions throughout the novel. It is this passion that fuels his rise to wealth and eventually leads to his downfall.

5

Tom Sawyer

Image: Lawrence Chismorie

Endlessly reproduced in other art forms, Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain is one of the most representative characters of American literature.

The first and most famous book featuring the Missouri boy is, of course, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), but we also see him in the sequel named after his friend, a character we have already talked about: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884).

Despite his mischievous nature and penchant for getting into trouble with his tricks and pranks, Tom is a clever and independent boy who constantly seeks out new adventures.

6

Scarlett O'Hara

Image: Lizelle De Wit

Gone with the Wind (1936) by Margaret Mitchell is a title everyone has heard of, whether you've read the book or not. Its characters have also become famous beyond the pages of this iconic novel.

One of them is none other than Scarlett O'Hara, the central character of this story. The novel portrays the American South during and after the Civil War , where Scarlett O'Hara, shaped by her circumstances, appears as a self-centered and spoiled character. However, as the story progresses, Scarlett evolves, showcasing her tenacity , determination, and protective spirit when she sets her mind to something. You probably remember the iconic line, "Tomorrow is another day."

7

Dean Moriarty

Image: Rémi Jacquaint

A fundamental member of the so-called Beat Generation , Jack Kerouac gifted us with one of the most famous novels in American literature: On the Road , published in 1957.

One of his most remembered characters is Dean Moriarty, who was based on a real person , Neal Cassady, a close friend of the author. Moriarty embodies some of the most outstanding characteristics of the Beat Generation, portraying an enthusiastic, adventurous, free-spirited, energetic, and charismatic character. With such a personality, it's no surprise that Dean Moriarty creates unforgettable moments and becomes an important figure in the story.

8

Hester Prynne

Image: Chris LaBarge

Hester Prynne, from Nathaniel Hawthorne's acclaimed novel The Scarlet Letter (1850), is undeniably one of the earliest and most significant female characters in our country's literature.

Hester defies the norms of her time by having an illegitimate child, making her a target of dramatic criticism and punishment from her contemporaries. Set in 17th-century Puritan Massachusetts, the story unfolds in a society defined by strict rules and oppression. In this context, Hester Prynne appears as a strong woman who endures the severe judgment of her time with courage.

Despite her harsh circumstances, Hester Prynne is described as a powerful, dignified, and empathetic character with extraordinary sensitivity.

9

Santiago

Image: Anastasiya Chervinska

Another undisputed classic is Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea , published in 1952.

Santiago is the central character in this novel, which explores various aspects of the human condition in depth. Santiago, the old man of the title, is a fisherman who has gone many days without catching a single fish. Faced with diverse challenges and, above all, his own physical limitations , Santiago is described as a strong character of great constancy , dignity, and resilience who has a strong bond with the sea and its mysteries.

The character's perseverance shines through in his battle with the giant marlin , which stands as one of the most important moments in this story.

10

Ishmael

Image: Richard Sagredo

Continuing our journey along the sea, let's talk about one of the most iconic narrators in American literature: Ishmael. His name is perpetuated in the very first line of Herman Melville's great novel, Moby-Dick (1851). Who could forget the iconic opening: "Call me Ishmael" ?

Ishmael serves as the first-person narrator of one of the most memorable tales in literature, a sailor distinguished by his profound, analytical, and reflective personality.

Though he shares few details about his background or appearance, Ishmael masterfully narrates the events aboard Captain Ahab's whaling ship , giving us a unique perspective on the events.

1

10/12

Image: Sue Winston

We know that the Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments to the Constitution, but did you know that Congress originally proposed 12 amendments? That's right! Yet, the states ratified only 10, leaving two out.

But here's the interesting part: One of these unratified amendments —the one concerning congressional compensation— was ratified more than 200 years later! In 1992, it became the 27th Amendment, which is also the last one.

2

World record

Image: Pierre Bamin

Our Constitution was signed in the 18th century, and while we know it's been a long time, what you might not know is that it is considered the world's oldest written national constitution still in effect today.

With various changes and amendments added over the years, this document not only defined the ideals of our nation but also earned us a world record!

3

The youngest

Image: MJ S

The men who signed this historic document were of varying ages. In fact, the age difference between the youngest and oldest signer was a remarkable 55 years!

The youngest to sign was attorney Jonathan Dayton of New Jersey, who was 26 years old at the time. Do you want to know who was the oldest? Keep reading!

4

The oldest

Image: Adam Nir

Well, as we mentioned, there was a 55-year age gap between the youngest and oldest signers of the US Constitution.

Do you know who the oldest was? That's right, Benjamin Franklin! He was a distinguished 81 years old when he signed this historic document.

5

500 copies

Image: Christa Dodoo

The original Constitution had 500 copies printed for distribution, made by the Founding Fathers themselves. They distributed those copies to members of Congress and state legislatures. Of those 500 original copies, however, only 13 are known to exist today. We have to say that, given that more than 230 years have passed, it's impressive that so many have survived!

6

How much?

Image: Jp Valery

Logically, since so few original copies remain, they ' re incredibly rare and valuable. In fact, one of these original documents was sold in 2021, and you won't believe its price!

You might have imagined it was sold for $5 million, maybe $10 million. But no, this invaluable copy went for $43.2 million. With that sale, it also became the most expensive historical document ever sold at an auction.

7

30 bucks

Image: Barry A

The person who transcribed the original US Constitution signed in 1787 had an important job, didn't he? The man who accomplished this major deed was Jacob Shallus, a clerk of the Pennsylvania General Assembly at the time. He was responsible for taking the text drafted by the Founding Fathers and transcribing it onto parchment: over 4,000 words scribbled down entirely by hand! Surprisingly, he was paid just $30 for this task.

8

Let's celebrate

Image: Kelly Sikkema

In 1789, long before Thanksgiving became an official national holiday, President George Washington issued a proclamation declaring November 26 as a day to give thanks. As it was an occasion for national gratitude, he also encouraged citizens to celebrate the birth of the new nation and the recently established Constitution.

9

A spelling issue

Image: Katherine McAdoo

Being a text from so long ago, some words —particularly proper nouns— may have changed slightly since the Constitution was first drafted. This was the case for the state of Pennsylvania, which is spelled as "Pensylvania" in the original document. However, while some may consider it a misspelling today, it was actually an accepted spelling for the state's name in the 18th century.

Fun fact: You can also find "Pensylvania" engraved on the Liberty Bell!

10

The Father of the Constitution

Image: Richard Hedrick

"The Father of the Constitution" is one of the nicknames given to James Madison, one of our Founding Fathers. And it's these very words that appear on the rare $5,000 bill.

Although this bill is no longer in circulation, if you are lucky enough to get your hands on one, you'll read "James Madison, The Father of the Constitution" next to the portrait of the 4th U.S. President.