Geography Geography 4 min read

Explore USA!

National Parks 101: Learn how to make the most out of your next visit

Image: Kristina Wagner

The infinite generosity of America’s great outdoors is almost impossible to fully embrace. Its landscapes offer some of the most varied experiences available anywhere in the world, and the national parks are arguably the best places to explore them. These natural wonders draw huge crowds year after year, so some basic tips can help you make the most of your visit. Take a look at the following 15!

1
Choose your destination

Image: Annie Spratt

Unless they have a specific destination in mind, narrowing down the large list of national parks should be the first item on the list of any aspiring visitor. Fortunately, the National Park Service has a helpful section on its website called 'Find A Park,' which allows users to select a park from the list or search for parks by state, activity, or topic.

Once you've decided where you're headed, check for maps, calendars, directions, hiking trails, and operating hours. Additionally, when choosing your perfect destination, consider exploring some under-the-radar parks, which might offer more solitude and less crowded experiences.

2
Check the weather

Image: Inge Maria

Almost nobody wants to be caught off guard by rain when spending time outdoors. Therefore, always check the weather conditions in advance so you can prepare accordingly or reschedule if necessary.

Even if the weather seems favorable in the morning, a thunderstorm could roll in during the afternoon, so it’s best to be prepared.

3
Pack smart

Image: Alice Donovan Rouse

Life in nature is not the same as life in the city. As basic as that statement might seem to most, watching people attempt to hike through rocky trails in impractical footwear reminds us that perhaps it isn’t so obvious.

Therefore, when exploring nature, make sure to bring durable, comfortable gear . Essentials include hiking boots, sunscreen, waterproof jackets, and layered clothing. Even if you don't plan to be out for long, always bring essential supplies like a first aid kit, water, and snacks whenever you visit a national park.

4
Link parks together

Image: John Matychuk

Many parks in the U.S. are within a short driving distance of each other , so it is always a good idea to visit several national parks in the same area. This way, you’ll experience a bunch of different landscapes in one single trip.

5
Historic accommodations

Image: Igor Chitz

Many national parks have historic lodges within their grounds . Featuring natural materials and stunning designs, these accommodations offer a unique experience worth staying in for a night or two. Keep in mind that booking a room can be challenging, and availability may be limited.

6
Free nature

Image: Kalen Emsley

In a world where almost everything comes with a price, it’s refreshing to know that most national parks are free . And the ones that do, charge a modest fee, ranging from $5 to $35, which typically covers up to seven days for an entire carload of people.

7
Pets

Image: Jamie Street

Our furry friends aren’t always welcome in national parks. If you're traveling with pets, be sure to check the park’s policies. Many parks allow pets on leashes in certain areas , such as campgrounds, and some even offer kennels. However, it’s important to research this in advance.

8
Try to avoid peak seasons

Image: Sebastian Enrique

The summer months are typically the busiest time of year at national parks . Visiting popular parks during the off-season means fewer crowds and lower rates. October is considered an ideal time to visit most national parks, as it’s quieter and the weather is pleasant.

Even if you visit a national park during the high season, you can still avoid crowds by arriving early in the morning before most tourists or visiting in the middle of the week to avoid the weekend rush.

9
Tours and campground reservations

Image: Yuriy Rzhemovskiy

In the same vein as the peak season commentary, making tour and campground reservations is always a good idea. Accommodations tend to fill up early, but online reservations are easy to make . Booking in advance will ensure you get the accommodations and experiences you want.

10
Check out the visitor center

Image: Blake Wisz

While many people tend to pass by the visitor center kiosk without giving it a second glance, doing so at a national park can be a very useful stop. You can pick up maps, guides, and up-to-the-minute information on everything from road conditions to hiking trails, as well as learn about special programs offered at the park.

11
Ask the locals

Image: Taylor Flowe

Nobody knows more about the parks than the park rangers who work there every day. They are highly knowledgeable about everything there is to know about their park and are always ready to assist visitors in any way they can.

12
Keep your distance from animals

Image: Elizabeth Meyers

This should be a no-brainer, but it's worth repeating: be respectful of wild animals and keep your distance. The animals you may encounter in some national parks are not captive in a zoo. These animals are in their natural habitat and behave accordingly .

13
Respect nature

Image: harun asrori

Another simple tip: national parks are protected areas where the preservation of nature and entire ecosystems is critical. Therefore, it's essential to follow all park rules during your visit , including staying on designated trails, respecting wildlife, not littering, and being considerate of fellow travelers. This way, national parks will continue to thrive for generations to come.

14
Be mindful of campfires

Image: roya ann miller

Continuing with the obvious tips, we can't leave this one out: unattended campfires pose a serious threat. Help prevent forest fires by never lighting campfires in prohibited areas and always ensuring that authorized fires are properly extinguished.

15
Embrace the digital disconnect

Image: Philip Smart

National parks are places where visitors go to connect with nature, not with their cell phones. Besides, cell service in these areas is often limited. The last tip on this list is always an obvious one, at least for us: put your phone aside and experience the world with your own eyes , which have a much better quality than the best phone ever built.

Geography Geography 3 min read

Carved in stone

The Secret Room and 10 Secrets about Mount Rushmore

Image: Takefreebies

We've all seen Mount Rushmore, whether in person or on screen. But this monumental landmark is more than just four giant heads carved into granite. If you want to discover some surprising facts they don't teach in schools, read on!

1
A tough decision

Image: Spencer James Lucas

While the first three figures —Washington, Jefferson, and Lincoln— were almost unanimously agreed upon, there was some debate over who should be the fourth face on Mount Rushmore. Gutzon Borglum, the sculptor, advocated for Theodore Roosevelt, but others believed Woodrow Wilson should be included. In the end, Borglum stuck with his original choice, and that's why today we see Teddy Roosevelt up there on America's Shrine of Democracy.

2
The original plan

Image: Jon Sailer

While it's hard to picture the Black Hills without the iconic faces of Washington, Jefferson, Roosevelt, and Lincoln, the original idea for Mount Rushmore was actually quite different. At first, Sculptor Gutzon Borglum envisioned a more complex job (yes, even more complicated than it already is!) In his original plan, he imagined not just the presidents' heads but their upper bodies as well! There was even talk of including other key figures from American history, like explorers Lewis and Clark.

3
14 long years

Image: piotr sawejko

We can assume that carving the giant heads of 4 presidents into the granite was no easy task. But do you know how long it took to complete the monument we see today? 14 years! That's right; 14 years of hard work, 400 men, and a whole lot of dynamite went into bringing this colossal project to life.

4
The first

Image: Spencer James Lucas

As the first President of the United States and widely known as the "Father of His Country," George Washington was a must for this incredible monument. In fact, his face was the first to be completed and was officially dedicated in a grand ceremony. In addition, as part of the powerful symbolism behind the work, Washington's sculpture is also the most prominent.

5
Starting over

Image: Raimund Schlager

One of the many unexpected construction challenges involved the placement of Thomas Jefferson's sculpture.

The original plan was to place Jefferson's face to the left of Washington. However, when the dynamiting process began, they found quartz beneath the surface, which made it impossible to continue carving in that spot. After 18 months of work, they "erased" (yes, again, with dynamite) what they had of Jefferson and started over to the right of Washington, where it is today.

6
The secret door

Image: Tommy Bond

Did you know there's a secret room hidden behind the 60-foot-tall heads on Mount Rushmore? The sculptor had big plans for the monument, including a Hall of Records carved into the mountain to store important national documents like the Constitution. And he started to build it! However, when Congress found out that part of the budget was set aside for the Hall of Records, they asked Borglum to focus solely on carving the heads.

7
The last one

Image: caleb weiner

After Washington's, the other faces followed: Jefferson's was dedicated second, and Lincoln's was officially unveiled in 1937. So, which one came last? That's right! The last to be completed was Theodore Roosevelt's, with his iconic mustache included! Of course, members of the Roosevelt family attended the big ceremony.

8
The legacy

Image: Ashim D’Silva

Building Mount Rushmore took many years. Unfortunately, Gutzon Borglum, the mind behind the project, didn't get to see it fully completed, as he passed away just a few months before the work officially ended. However, it was his son Lincoln who stepped in to complete the great work his father had started.

9
An extra foot

Image: Andrew Ling

Borglum believed this monument should stand the test of time, built to inspire and be admired for thousands of years to come. So, how did he achieve that? Some historical sources suggest one of Borglum's techniques was adding extra material to certain angled areas of the sculpture, like Washington's nose, for example. That's right! It's believed that the author added an extra foot to George Washington's nose to help it better withstand erosion over time.

10
The man behind the name

Image: Pamela Huber

Long before the presidents were carved into the Black Hills, a New York lawyer paid a visit to the area, and that visit wouldn't go unnoticed. In 1885, attorney Charles E. Rushmore was at the site for business, and he asked for the name of a particular peak. When they told him it didn't have a name, he jokingly suggested they could call it "Rushmore Peak." Charles E. Rushmore was actually the first person to make a private donation to get the project started: $5,000! And so it was that his name stuck.

Geography Geography 3 min read

NYC uncovered

Which NYC building has a secret train platform beneath? Find out here!

Image: Florian Wehde

New York City has been written about, filmed, sung about, and argued over for generations. Yet even people who love it and even live there are often surprised by what they do not know. Behind the busy streets and famous landmarks, lots of stories explain how this city grew, who shaped it, and why it continues to feel larger than life. Get ready to get the NYC facts right!

1
New York City population

Image: Scott Evans

More than eight million people call New York City home. That means roughly one out of every 38 Americans lives within its five boroughs. It helps explain why the city feels endlessly busy and why every neighborhood seems to have its own rhythm, personality, and pace. The City that Never Sleeps feels like the right nickname, right?

2
Languages spoken

Image: James Ting

New York City is the most linguistically diverse city on Earth. More than 800 languages are spoken here, and about four in ten households use a language other than English at home. Wanna feel like you’ve travelled across every continent? Walk down a city block and you will!

3
Statue of Liberty

Image: Avi Werde

The Statue of Liberty arrived from France as a gift celebrating American independence. She did not come in one piece. Instead, the statue arrived in 214 crates, each containing 350 separate parts, and took four months to assembl e. Even symbols of freedom sometimes require instructions, you know?

4
Federal Reserve Bank gold vault

Image: Diane Picchiottino

Deep beneath the streets of Manhattan sits the largest gold storage vault in the world. Located 80 feet below street level, it holds about $90 billion worth of gold . Most visitors walk right over it without realizing they are passing above one of the most secure rooms on the planet.

5
New York Public Library

Image: Alejandro Barba

The New York Public Library system holds more than 50 million books and items. It is second in the United States, only to the Library of Congress, and ranks third worldwide . Those iconic lion statues guard far more than a quiet reading room. They watch over an astonishing archive of human knowledge. Have you ever visited it?

6
United Nations headquarters

Image: Nils Huenerfuerst

The United Nations established its headquarters in New York City in 1952 following World War II. Since then, diplomats from nearly every country have gathered here to debate, negotiate, and occasionally argue. Few city blocks anywhere else host quite so many global decisions.

7
Brooklyn borough size

Image: Miltiadis Fragkidis

Brooklyn alone would rank as the fourth-largest city in the United States if it stood on its own. Queens would claim the same spot as well. Together, they show just how massive New York City really is, even when broken into boroughs.

8
Times Square naming

Image: James Ting

Times Square did not always have its famous name. It was once called Longacre Square until The New York Times moved its headquarters there in 1904. The name stuck, the lights followed, and the area became one of the most recognizable intersections in the world.

9
Chinatown population

Image: Juan Di Nella

More Chinese people live in New York City than in any other city outside Asia. This influence shapes neighborhoods, food scenes, businesses, and traditions across the city. It is one more reason New York feels like many worlds packed into one place .

10
Pinball ban history

Image: Louie Castro-Garcia

Believe it or not, pinball machines were once against the law in New York City. Back in 1942, city leaders viewed the game as a form of gambling , and Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia ordered it banned. For more than 30 years, pinball disappeared from public view until the rule was finally lifted in 1976.

11
Secret train platform beneath the Waldorf Astoria

Image: Frugal Flyer

Hidden beneath the elegant Waldorf Astoria Hotel is a little-known train platform called Track 61. According to long-standing stories, President Franklin D. Roosevelt used it to arrive and leave discreetly, away from crowds and cameras. The platform is no longer active today , but knowing it exists adds a layer of mystery to an already legendary building.

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