Geography Geography 4 min read

Geography challenge

Double-check it: You might be wrong about the capitals of these 6 states!

Image: Domino Studio

A capital city is where the government of a state or country is based. Just as Washington, DC, serves as the capital of the United States, each of the 50 states also has its own capital city. The US is one of the largest countries in the world, and with 50 states, remembering the capital cities of each one can be difficult. So, here's a challenge for you: Can you match these six capitals to their states? Give it a try!

1
Harrisburg

Image: Judith Chambers

With a long and rich history, Harrisburg may not be the largest or most famous city in its state, but it holds the title of the capital city. Situated along the Susquehanna River, it serves as the heart of a state that played a critical role in shaping the nation. Known as "The Keystone State," this region was central to the Revolutionary War and the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

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Springfield

Image: Andrew Adams

In Springfield, you'll find landmarks like the Lincoln Home National Historic Site and the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum. Why? Well, because Uncle Abe lived in this city for nearly 20 years before becoming the 16th US president.

Beyond Lincoln, Springfield is also known for its signature dish: the horseshoe sandwich ! Have you tried it? We bet you already know which state Springfield represents as its capital!

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Jefferson City

Image: Ann Schreck

Jefferson City—named after Thomas Jefferson —is the capital of the " Show-Me State ," renowned for the breathtaking Ozarks.

Jefferson City was specifically established to serve as the state capital. With a population of under 45,000, it is the 16th most populous city in the state! Can you guess which state it belongs to?

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Frankfort

Image: Alek Olson

One of the smallest capitals in the United States by population, Frankfort is the capital of a state located in the Southeastern US, bordered by seven states, including Tennessee and West Virginia. Famous for its fried chicken and bourbon , it is known as the "Bluegrass State." What's your guess?

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Carson City

Image: Roland Schumann

Located near Lake Tahoe, Carson City is the capital of the "Silver State," known for its mining history, desert landscapes, and unparalleled shrimp cocktail.

It is recognized as the driest state in the country, home to landmarks like the Hoover Dam and the mysterious Area 51 . Have you ever visited?

6
Tallahassee

Image: Damon On Road

If we say: Everglades, Walt Disney World, and Kennedy Space Center, which state comes to mind? Famous for its orange production, its iconic Key lime pie, and delicious Cuban sandwiches, this state’s capital is Tallahassee, a lovely city in the northern part of the state. Do you know which state we’re talking about?

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Harrisburg: Pennsylvania

Image: Andre Frueh

You were right! Located in the center of the state, Harrisburg has been the capital of Pennsylvania since 1812 . Before Harrisburg, Philadelphia (1682–1799) and Lancaster (1799–1812) served as the capitals of Pennsylvania.

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Springfield: Illinois

Image: Tucker Good

If you guessed "Illinois," you were right! Springfield has been the capital of the Prairie State since 1839 . As mentioned, the city's history is closely tied to Abraham Lincoln's legacy, which is why you'll find landmarks like the Lincoln Tomb at Oak Ridge Cemetery. Additionally, it was in this city that Lincoln delivered his famous "House Divided" speech !

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Jefferson City: Missouri

Image: Rythik

Its proximity to the Missouri River was instrumental in choosing Jefferson City as the capital city of the state of Missouri in 1821. Here, you can find the imposing Missouri State Capitol building, completed in 1917!

Bonus fun fact: Before it was named Jefferson City—in honor of our nation’s 3rd president—local authorities considered calling it "Missouriopolis." Can you imagine?

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Frankfort: Kentucky

Image: Josh Collesano

Frankfort became the capital of Kentucky in 1792, shortly after the state entered the Union. Located in the Bluegrass region of the state, the city is crossed by the Kentucky River, which gives it a unique charm. Frankfort is also home to the iconic Buffalo Trace Distillery —one of the oldest bourbon distilleries in the country—and the historic Kentucky Vietnam Veterans Memorial .

11
Carson City: Nevada

Image: Parth Thakker

Since 1864 , when Nevada became a state, Carson City has served as its lovely capital. But do you know why it's called "Carson City"? The capital of Nevada was named in honor of Christopher "Kit" Carson , a famous frontiersman and explorer of the area.

If you want to learn more about the history of Nevada and its capital, you can visit the Nevada State Museum , also located in Carson City!

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Tallahassee: Florida

Image: Kevin Dunlap

With an estimated population of about 200,000, Tallahassee has been the capital of sunny Florida since 1824 . Considered a " college town " because of its large population of college students, Tallahassee is home to Florida State University, Florida A&M University, and Tallahassee Community College!

Culture Culture 5 min read

Unexpected juxtapositions

10 films you didn't know that take place at roughly the same time

Image: konstantinrotkevich

Period pieces aim to portray specific historical events, customs, and characters. But every year, all sorts of different events happen around the world. What to cut and what to show in a historical film is an artist's main job, and the result will depend on his or her particular point of view. From Titanic and The Music Man to Grease and Malcolm X , in this article, we're going to explore 10 pairs of films that take place in the same year but couldn't be more different. Can you think of any others?

1
Titanic & The Music Man

Image: Copyright © 1962 Warner Bros. Pictures Distributing Corporation - Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

It is common knowledge that Titanic (1997), starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet, fictionalizes the true story of the sinking of the British ocean liner that collided with an iceberg in the North Atlantic.

The Music Man (1962), on the other hand, is a musical that tells the story of a salesman who tries to convince the residents of a small town in Iowa to start a musical band. Although the two films are set miles apart and their characters are very different, they both take place in the same year: 1912. Fascinating, don't you think?

2
Mary Poppins & The Wild Bunch

Image: From the studio of John Schwartz., Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Early twentieth-century London, a vibrant, sprawling city, has almost nothing in common with the wild U.S.-Mexico frontier of the same era. Yet the tender Mary Poppins (1964) and the epic revisionist Western The Wild Bunch (1969) take place during virtually the same years. Despite being vastly different stories, the two films share a similar theme: the concept of outsiders navigating a world of change and challenges.

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There Will Be Blood & Meet Me in St. Louis

Image: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (Loew's Inc.), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

What do a Christmas musical from 1944 and a 2007 drama film have in common? They both portray the early years of the 20th century!

While There Will Be Blood is a dark film that focuses on the California oil rush, Meet Me in St. Louis , starring the iconic Judy Garland, portrays the well-to-do life of an upper-middle-class Missouri family. Watching these two films truly paints a picture of what America was like at this time in its history.

4
Grease & Malcolm X

Image: Library of Congress

Two other films that offer their version of American life during a specific era are Grease (1978) and Malcolm X (1992). Both take place around 1958, but couldn't be more different.

Grease , a romantic musical with gelled hairdos and poodle skirts, portrays a group of teenagers more concerned with leather jackets, rock and roll, and fashionable cars than anything else. Malcom X , on the contrary, is based on the biography of the famous African-American activist, and dives deep into the history of the civil rights movement.

5
Barry Lyndon & Pirates of the Caribbean

Image: William Hogarth, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

The story of a young Irishman trying to climb the ladder of British high society can't be too different from that of a pirate sailing through dangerous waters. However, although Barry Lyndon (1975) and Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (2011) take place in the 1750s, they are very dissimilar films.

While Pirates of the Caribbean is a fantasy adventure franchise chronicling the adventures of the endearing Jack Sparrow, the historic drama directed by Stanley Kubrick won four Academy Awards and is considered one of the greatest films ever made.

6
The Godfather: Part II & 1917

Image: Ernest Brooks, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

The year is 1917, and a young Vito Corleone takes his first steps in the criminal world in his native Sicily. Meanwhile, in northern France, a young British soldier is sent on a mission to save his brother.

1917 (2019) is inspired by the true story of World War I battles, and The Godfather: Part II (1974) is based on the fictional story written by Mario Puzo about a gangster family. Both films, however, portray the same period of European history, an era that had a huge impact on American society.

7
Jobs & 2001: A Space Odyssey

Image: Niketh Vellanki

Surely, when Stanley Kubrick directed 2001: A Space Odyssey, he was envisioning a more advanced future. But the truth is that the real 2001 was marked, among other things, by the launch of Apple's iPod.

The film Jobs (2013) begins precisely with Steve Jobs' presentation of the device that would forever change the way we listen to music. Intergalactic travel as a common currency will have to wait a few more years. Yet, to be fair, HAL 9000 is pretty much like the artificial intelligences we have today —let's just hope they don't betray us!

8
The sound of music & Harlem Nights

Image: Sanja Lazic

While a young governess falls in love with Captain von Trapp with the Austrian Alps as a backdrop, on the other side of the Atlantic, a nightclub owner in Harlem must face powerful gangsters to stay in business.

Although they may seem like two incompatible plots, The Sound of Music (1965) and Harlem Nights (1989) both take place in 1938, when the United States was recovering from the Great Depression and Europe was at the dawn of the Second World War. Two opposite views of the world.

9
13 Going on 30 & The Wolf of Wall Street

Image: engin akyurt

One is an innocent romantic comedy full of '80s pop culture references, and the other is a dark, full of foul language and racy scenes, portrait of the years when yuppies and stockbrokers dominated the New York scene. Yet, both 13 Going on 30 (2004) and The Wolf of Wall Street (2013) take place in 1987. Have you ever thought about it?

10
Hairspray & The Shape of Water

Image: Larissa Megale

The interesting thing about these two films is that they not only take place in the same year—1962—, but also in the same ‘place’: Baltimore, Maryland.

Hairspray (1988), a cult comedy directed by John Waters, tells the story of young Tracy Turnbland's quest to be taken seriously in an audition for a popular show for young dancers. The Shape of Water , on the other hand, is a fantasy film that portrays the love story between a mute woman and a humanoid amphibian. Two very different plots that offer a glimpse of what life was like in America during the Cold War.

General General 4 min read

Embracing our multilingual nation

From Spanish to Chinese: The 12 most spoken languages in the U.S.

Image: Houcine Ncib

In the United States, the number of people who speak a language other than English at home has nearly tripled over the last three decades, increasing from 23.1 million to 67.8 million. According to the 2019 American Community Survey by the Census Bureau, more than 350 languages are spoken across the country , making it one of the world's most linguistically diverse nations. In this article, we’ll explore the 12 most spoken languages in the United States. Can you guess how the rankings go?

1
12. Portuguese

Image: Etienne Girardet

Today, there are over 845,000 Portuguese speakers in the United States, making it the 12th most spoken language after English.

The Portuguese-speaking community is composed of immigrants from both Portugal and Brazil. Since the 1960s, many Portuguese immigrants have settled along the coast of Massachusetts, where they could continue their traditional fishing activities. Besides Massachusetts, Portuguese is most commonly spoken in Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Utah.

2
11. Hindi

Image: Rohan Solankurkar

Hindi is the most widely spoken Indian language in the United States, with more than 890,000 people speaking it . Hindi belongs to the Indo-European language family and has been included on the U.S. State Department's list of critical languages due to strategic commercial interests in South Asia.

Hindi-speaking Indians began immigrating to North America in the early 19th century. The community has primarily settled in large cities such as New York City, Washington D.C., San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Chicago.

3
10. Russian

Image: Tessakay

There are currently almost 950,000 Russian speakers in the United States. Did you know that Russian is one of the two official languages aboard the International Space Station? NASA astronauts typically take Russian language courses to communicate with their Russian counterparts.

Another well-known Russian-speaking community is in New York's Brighton Beach neighborhood, often referred to as "Little Odessa." Cultural events, festivals, and markets featuring traditional Russian foods, music, and crafts are common sights here. Los Angeles is another city where Russian is regularly used.

4
9. Korean

Image: 昆 阿

Over the past few decades, the number of Korean speakers in the United States has grown significantly, with nearly 1,100,000 people now speaking Korean .

Los Angeles is home to the largest Koreatown in the country, and many residents in other major cities speak Korean at home, helping to maintain and promote the heritage of this Asian culture in the United States.

5
8. Arabic

Image: Rawan Yasser

With more than 1.2 million speakers, Arabic is the eighth most spoken language in our country.

Arabic is spoken in immigrant communities from countries such as Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and Yemen. These communities are most prominent in states like California, New York, and Michigan, where Arabic is commonly heard in homes and community centers.

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7. German

Image: FotosFuerBlogger

German is widely spoken in states with high populations of German ancestry, such as Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and Texas. When including Yiddish, Pennsylvania Dutch, and other West Germanic languages, there are over 1,450,000 German speakers in the United States.

Cities like Fredericksburg and New Braunfels, Texas, were founded by German immigrants and continue to celebrate their heritage with festivals such as Oktoberfest. In Pennsylvania, a large number of Pennsylvania Dutch speakers—predominantly among the Amish and Mennonite communities—speak this German dialect, which is not, as one might expect, Dutch.

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6. Vietnamese

Image: Huynh Van

The number of Vietnamese speakers in the United States is similar to that of the previous language on this list, with more than 1.5 million people speaking the language of this Southeast Asian country.

In recent decades, the number of Vietnamese immigrants has been increasing exponentially. Most have settled in California, followed by Texas, Florida, Washington, and Georgia.

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5. Tagalog

Image: Emmanuel Nicolas Jr.

Despite being the fifth most spoken language in the United States, Tagalog is often overlooked. For those who have never heard of it, Tagalog is one of the official languages of the Philippines.

A significant number of Filipino immigrants have settled in the United States since the early 19th century. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, there are currently more than 1.7 million Tagalog speakers . Thirty-eight percent of Filipinos in the United States live in California, with relatively large concentrations also in Hawaii and Texas.

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4. French

Image: Erik Mclean

If we include Patois, Cajun, Haitian, and Louisiana Creole—a hybrid of French and various African languages—French is the fourth most widely spoken language in the United States.

The French influence, which dates back to the 17th century, is evident in a wide variety of American English words and phrases. Today, there are nearly 2.1 million French speakers in the country.

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3. Chinese

Image: 五玄土 ORIENTO

The Chinese language, including its different variants such as Mandarin, Cantonese, and Hokkien, contributes significantly to the cultural diversity of the United States. Although the gap between the second and third most spoken languages in the country is considerable, the number of people who speak Chinese is still representative.

With approximately 3.5 million Chinese speakers across the country, the greatest influence of this culture can be found in states with the highest concentrations of Chinese immigrants, such as New York and California.

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2. Spanish

Image: Leeloo The First

Spanish is the second most spoken language in the United States and one of the fastest-growing languages in the country. This is no surprise, as approximately 19% of the total population is of Hispanic origin.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, more than 40 million people speak Spanish in addition to English in the United States. Hispanic communities are found throughout the nation, with the largest concentrations in California, Texas, Florida, and New York.

12
1. English

Image: Wilhelm Gunkel

Although it is not surprising that English is the most widely spoken language in the United States, it is still not recognized as an official language. However, more than half of the 50 states have passed laws granting it official language status.

English speakers make up a large percentage of the U.S. population, with approximately 78 percent speaking only English . American English is also incredibly rich, composed of dozens of regional dialects with distinct grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation.

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